You S H, Qin X Y, Xu C, Qiu X, Luan Z L, Jia H X, Wang H T
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
Clinical Laboratory, Chinese PLA General Hospital.
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2016 May 5;30(9):689-693. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.09.005.
To observe the compliance, efficacy and safety of subcutaneous immunotherapy(SLIT) and sublingual immunotherapy(SCIT) in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR).One hundred and fifteen patients sensitized to house dust mites were recruited in this study. The standardized extract of house dust mites was used for SLIT in 64 cases, and the standardized extract of dual house dust mites was used for SCIT in the other 51 cases. The compliance, nasal symptom scores, the medication scores, the quality of life and the adverse reaction were evaluated before and 2 years after immunotherapy. SPSS 19.0 was used for data analysis. Forty patients out of 64 completed the 2 years-SLIT, and the compliance rate was 62.50%. Forty three patients out of 51 completed the 2 years-SCIT and the compliance rate was 84.31%.The compliance rate of SLIT was significantly lower than that of SCIT( <0.05). The nasal symptom scores, the anti-allergic medication, the scores in quality of life decreased significantly after receiving SLIT or SCIT for 2 years（ <0.05）. However, the changed values of scores between the two groups had no significant differences（ >0.05）. There was no moderate or severe adverse reactions occurred in SLIT group but a total of 6 moderate or severe adverse reactions occurred in SCIT group.SLIT has same effect compared with SCIT with a lower compliance rate but a significantly higher safety.
观察皮下免疫疗法（SLIT）和舌下免疫疗法（SCIT）治疗变应性鼻炎（AR）患者的依从性、疗效及安全性。本研究招募了115例对屋尘螨过敏的患者。64例患者采用标准化屋尘螨提取物进行皮下免疫疗法，另外51例患者采用标准化双屋尘螨提取物进行舌下免疫疗法。在免疫治疗前及治疗2年后评估患者的依从性、鼻部症状评分、用药评分、生活质量及不良反应。采用SPSS 19.0进行数据分析。64例患者中40例完成了2年的皮下免疫疗法，依从率为62.50%。51例患者中43例完成了2年的舌下免疫疗法，依从率为84.31%。皮下免疫疗法的依从率显著低于舌下免疫疗法（<0.05）。接受皮下免疫疗法或舌下免疫疗法2年后，鼻部症状评分、抗过敏药物使用情况、生活质量评分均显著降低（<0.05）。然而，两组评分的变化值无显著差异（>0.05）。皮下免疫疗法组未发生中度或重度不良反应，而舌下免疫疗法组共发生6例中度或重度不良反应。皮下免疫疗法与舌下免疫疗法效果相同，但依从率较低，安全性显著更高。
