Flannigan Kyle L, Denning Timothy L
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Immunology. 2018 May 17;154(4):537-46. doi: 10.1111/imm.12950.
Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are Gram-positive, spore-forming, bacteria that primarily colonize the ileum of the small intestine. Upon direct adherence to intestinal epithelial cells, SFB actively stimulate innate and adaptive immune cell activation. The cardinal features of SFB-induced gut immunity - T helper type 17 (Th17) cell differentiation, IgA production and barrier protection - lead to the containment of SFB and further afford protection against invading pathogens. Th17 cells and interleukin-17A, however, can also reach peripheral sites and exacerbate autoimmunity. In this review, we highlight salient characteristics of SFB-host interactions and detail the cellular and molecular immune mechanisms involved in coordinating these responses.
分节丝状菌(SFB)是革兰氏阳性、形成芽孢的细菌,主要定殖于小肠的回肠。直接粘附于肠道上皮细胞后,SFB可积极刺激先天性和适应性免疫细胞的激活。SFB诱导的肠道免疫的主要特征——辅助性T细胞17(Th17)细胞分化、IgA产生和屏障保护——导致SFB受到抑制,并进一步提供针对入侵病原体的保护。然而,Th17细胞和白细胞介素-17A也可到达外周部位并加剧自身免疫。在本综述中,我们重点介绍了SFB与宿主相互作用的显著特征,并详细阐述了协调这些反应所涉及的细胞和分子免疫机制。