Department of Social Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation; Department of Public Health, Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
Academy of Medical Sciences of the Russian Federation, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation.
J Pediatr Urol. 2018 Oct;14(5):447.e1-447.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.03.021. Epub 2018 May 5.
The prevalence of primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) has a range of 1.6-5.3% in adolescents and 7.5-12.4% in children of 5-10 years. Alarm intervention has been well known for more than 30 years. This method is a reliable and safe means of treating primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis, being effective in 60-80% of cases.
The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of alarm intervention prolongation after the cure in order to reduce the risk of disease recurrence.
Two hundred ninety-four boys and 161 girls (455 persons in total) of age 9-14 years (average 11.4 years) took part in the prospective randomized study. After preselection and establishing diagnosis, all patients were randomly divided in three groups. In group А (n = 139) alarm system treatment was carried out within 12 weeks, in group В (n = 136) 16 weeks, and in group С (n = 139) 20 weeks.
The percentage of patients who no longer wet the bed (for 2 weeks or more) immediately after treatment in groups B (80.7%) and C (85.5%) was higher than in group A (67.4%) if the probability of error is p < 0.05; p < 0.05. There was no statistically significant difference in treatment success between groups B and C immediately after treatment. The percentage of patients who no longer wet the bed 3 months after the end of treatment in groups B (71.2%) and C (77.1%) was higher than in the group A (45.9%) if the probability of error is p < 0.05; p < 0.05. There was no statistically significant difference in treatment success between groups B and C 3 months after treatment. During the year this ratio did not change.
These data suggest that the effective duration of alarm intervention is found in the range 16-20 weeks and involves an uninterrupted course of treatment. Perhaps this range of time is optimal for the formation of a neuroreflexive mechanism that creates a habit for independent awakening in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis.
The effective duration of alarm intervention is likely to be 16-20 weeks of an uninterrupted course of treatment. This time interval ensures the maximum effectiveness of treatment and the stability of long-term results.
青少年原发性单症状性夜间遗尿症（PMNE）的患病率为 1.6-5.3%，5-10 岁儿童为 7.5-12.4%。警报干预已经有 30 多年的历史了。这种方法是治疗原发性单症状性夜间遗尿症的可靠和安全手段，在 60-80%的病例中有效。
本研究旨在确定延长治愈后警报干预的疗效，以降低疾病复发的风险。
294 名男孩和 161 名女孩（共 455 人）年龄为 9-14 岁（平均 11.4 岁），参加了前瞻性随机研究。在预选和建立诊断后，所有患者被随机分为三组。在 A 组（n=139）中，警报系统治疗持续 12 周，B 组（n=136）持续 16 周，C 组（n=139）持续 20 周。
治疗结束后立即不再尿床（2 周或以上）的患者比例在 B 组（80.7%）和 C 组（85.5%）高于 A 组（67.4%），如果误差概率为 p<0.05；p<0.05。治疗结束后立即治疗，B 组和 C 组之间的治疗成功率无统计学差异。治疗结束后 3 个月不再尿床的患者比例在 B 组（71.2%）和 C 组（77.1%）高于 A 组（45.9%），如果误差概率为 p<0.05；p<0.05。治疗结束后 3 个月，B 组和 C 组之间的治疗成功率无统计学差异。在这一年里，这一比例没有变化。
这些数据表明，警报干预的有效持续时间在 16-20 周之间，并且涉及到不间断的治疗过程。也许这个时间范围对于形成一种神经反射机制是最佳的，这种机制为原发性单症状性夜间遗尿症患儿创造了独立觉醒的习惯。
警报干预的有效持续时间可能为 16-20 周的不间断治疗过程。这个时间间隔确保了治疗的最大效果和长期结果的稳定性。
