Circulation. 2018 Jul 3;138(1):e35-e47. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000574. Epub 2018 May 17.
Since the 2002 American Heart Association scientific statement "Fish Consumption, Fish Oil, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease," evidence from observational and experimental studies and from randomized controlled trials continues to emerge to further substantiate the beneficial effects of seafood long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. A recent American Heart Association science advisory addressed the specific effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on clinical cardiovascular events. This American Heart Association science advisory extends that review and offers further support to include n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from seafood consumption. Several potential mechanisms have been investigated, including antiarrhythmic, anti-inflammatory, hematologic, and endothelial, although for most, longer-term dietary trials of seafood are warranted to substantiate the benefit of seafood as a replacement for other important sources of macronutrients. The present science advisory reviews this evidence and makes a suggestion in the context of the and in consideration of other constituents of seafood and the impact on sustainability. We conclude that 1 to 2 seafood meals per week be included to reduce the risk of congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, and sudden cardiac death, especially when seafood replaces the intake of less healthy foods.
自 2002 年美国心脏协会科学声明“鱼类消费、鱼油、欧米伽-3 脂肪酸与心血管疾病”以来，来自观察性和实验性研究以及随机对照试验的证据不断涌现，进一步证实了海鲜长链 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸对心血管疾病的有益影响。最近，美国心脏协会发布了一项科学咨询报告，专门探讨了 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸补充剂对临床心血管事件的具体影响。本项美国心脏协会科学咨询报告扩展了这一综述，并进一步支持将海鲜摄入的 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸纳入其中。已经研究了几种潜在的机制，包括抗心律失常、抗炎、血液学和血管内皮功能，尽管对于大多数机制而言，需要进行更长时间的海鲜饮食试验来证实海鲜作为其他重要宏量营养素来源的替代品的益处。本科学咨询报告审查了这方面的证据，并根据 和考虑海鲜的其他成分以及对可持续性的影响提出了建议。我们的结论是，每周应食用 1 至 2 份海鲜餐，以降低充血性心力衰竭、冠心病、缺血性卒中和心源性猝死的风险，特别是当海鲜替代摄入不太健康的食物时。
