Kim Min Jae, Bae Sung Hee, Lee Sung Min, Lee Kang Hyun, Kim Dong-Kyu
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2018 Sep;11(3):199-204. doi: 10.21053/ceo.2018.00115. Epub 2018 May 18.
Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a common debilitating disorder that can adversely affect the attention and academic performance of school-age children. Unfortunately, only a few studies have examined the effect of SDB treatment on attention in pediatric populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the effect of SDB treatment on attention in children.
This study consecutively enrolled SDB children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. All subjects underwent standard-of-care treatment (adenotonsillectomy or close observation) and were evaluated using a computerized comprehensive attention test at the initial visit. Comprehensive attention tests consisted of both sustained and divided attention tasks. Each completed task was assigned an attention score, which was based on the number of omission or commission errors. The comprehension attention test was repeated 1 year later.
A total of 171 children who underwent adenotonsillectomy and 32 children who did not undergo adenotonsillectomy were included in this study. At baseline, there was no significant difference according to the score of all type comprehension attention tests between children in the adenotonsillectomy group and in the observation group. One year after treatment, children in the adenotonsillectomy group had significantly improved scores in all attention tasks. Children in the observation group had only significant improvement in omission errors on sustained attention tasks. Meanwhile, the attention score based on commission errors of divided attention tasks was significantly worse than at baseline for those.
Our study showed that adenotonsillectomy may be helpful in improving attention in children with SDB.
小儿睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）是一种常见的致残性疾病，会对学龄儿童的注意力和学业成绩产生不利影响。遗憾的是，仅有少数研究探讨了SDB治疗对小儿群体注意力的影响。因此，本研究的目的是前瞻性地调查SDB治疗对儿童注意力的影响。
本研究连续纳入患有腺样体扁桃体肥大的SDB儿童。所有受试者均接受标准治疗（腺样体扁桃体切除术或密切观察），并在初次就诊时使用计算机化综合注意力测试进行评估。综合注意力测试包括持续性注意力任务和分散性注意力任务。每个完成的任务都被赋予一个注意力分数，该分数基于遗漏或错误执行的数量。1年后重复进行综合注意力测试。
本研究共纳入171例行腺样体扁桃体切除术的儿童和32例未行腺样体扁桃体切除术的儿童。基线时，腺样体扁桃体切除组和观察组儿童在所有类型综合注意力测试的得分上无显著差异。治疗1年后，腺样体扁桃体切除组儿童在所有注意力任务中的得分均有显著提高。观察组儿童仅在持续性注意力任务中的遗漏错误方面有显著改善。同时，观察组儿童在分散性注意力任务中基于错误执行的注意力得分显著低于基线水平。
我们的研究表明，腺样体扁桃体切除术可能有助于改善SDB儿童的注意力。
