Cailleau Virginie, Harika-Germaneau Ghina, Delbreil Alexia, Jaafari Nematollah
Centre hospitalier Henri-Laborit, unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle en psychiatrie à vocation régionale Pierre-Deniker, CRIAVS Poitou-Charentes, 370, avenue Jacques-Cœur, CS 10587, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France.
Centre hospitalier Henri-Laborit, unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle en psychiatrie à vocation régionale Pierre-Deniker, 370, avenue Jacques-Cœur, CS 10587, 86021 Poitiers cedex, France.
Presse Med. 2018 Jun;47(6):510-518. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2018.03.002.
Deriving from the English verb "to stalk", stalking denotes an unwelcome, repetitive, and intrusive harassing and/or threatening behavior directed toward a specific individual, and can result in physical and/or sexual offending - even leading to homicide. French harassment legislation has evolved over the years, and the last law closest to the international anti-stalking laws had been promulgated in 2014. According to a review, up to 16% of women and 7% of men are stalked in their life, and 80% of the stalkers are known to their victims. Stalkers are a heterogeneous population, either seeking an intimate relationship with someone the stalker knows or with a celebrity, or being revenge-motivated, or tracking their victims with the aim of offending them. Stalkers threat their victims in about half of the cases, and physically offend them in a third of the cases, violence being more often directed against ex-intimates. Sexual offending would be the consequence of harassment behavior for some stalkers, and would be the initial aim of the stalking for others.
“跟踪骚扰”一词源自英语动词“to stalk”，指针对特定个人的不受欢迎、反复且侵扰性的骚扰和/或威胁行为，可能导致身体侵犯和/或性侵犯，甚至致人死亡。法国的骚扰相关立法多年来不断发展，最近一部与国际反跟踪骚扰法律最为接近的法律于2014年颁布。一项综述显示，一生中遭受跟踪骚扰的女性比例高达16%，男性为7%，且80%的跟踪骚扰者为受害者所认识。跟踪骚扰者群体构成复杂，有的试图与认识的人或名人建立亲密关系，有的出于报复心理，还有的跟踪受害者意在侵犯他们。约半数情况下跟踪骚扰者会威胁受害者，三分之一的情况下会对其进行身体侵犯，暴力行为更多针对前亲密关系对象。对一些跟踪骚扰者而言，性侵犯是骚扰行为的后果，而对另一些人来说则是跟踪骚扰的最初目的。
