Department of Nephrology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
Laboratory Animal Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.
Am J Nephrol. 2018;47(5):325-332. doi: 10.1159/000488947. Epub 2018 May 18.
Recent studies suggest that prebiotic and/or probiotic treatments ameliorate kidney function in humans and animals by improving the gut environment. However, the gut microbiota and kidney disease interactions remain to be determined. This study investigated whether synbiotics modulate the gut microbiota and ameliorate kidney function using a rat model of chronic kidney disease (CKD). As uremic toxins are associated with CKD-related mineral and bone disorder, the secondary aim was to evaluate the relationship between synbiotics and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT).
5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) rats were developed as the CKD model. Sham-operated (sham) rats were used as the control. To investigate the effectiveness of prebiotics (glutamine, dietary fiber, and oligosaccharide) and probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum strain; GFOB diet), rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups: Nx group fed the GFOB diet (n = 10); Nx group fed the control (CON) diet (n = 10); sham group fed the GFOB diet (n = 5); and sham group fed the control diet (n = 5). Blood, feces, and kidney samples were collected and analyzed.
Serum creatinine (Cre) and blood urea nitrogen in the Nx GFOB group were significantly lower than those in the Nx CON group. Serum indoxyl sulfate in the Nx GFOB group was lower than that in the Nx CON group, and significantly correlated with serum Cre. Inorganic phosphorus and intact parathyroid hormone in the Nx GFOB group were significantly lower than those in the Nx CON group.
Improving the gut environment using synbiotics ameliorated kidney function and might be a pharmacological treatment for SHPT without any serious adverse events.
最近的研究表明，通过改善肠道环境，益生元和/或益生菌治疗可以改善人类和动物的肾功能。然而，肠道微生物群与肾脏疾病的相互作用仍有待确定。本研究使用慢性肾脏病（CKD）大鼠模型，研究了合生元是否通过调节肠道微生物群来改善肾功能。由于尿毒症毒素与 CKD 相关的矿物质和骨代谢紊乱有关，因此次要目的是评估合生元与继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症（SHPT）之间的关系。
5/6 肾切除术（Nx）大鼠被开发为 CKD 模型。假手术（sham）大鼠作为对照。为了研究益生元（谷氨酰胺、膳食纤维和低聚糖）和益生菌（长双歧杆菌菌株；GFOB 饮食）的有效性，将大鼠随机分为 4 组：Nx 组给予 GFOB 饮食（n = 10）；Nx 组给予对照（CON）饮食（n = 10）；假手术组给予 GFOB 饮食（n = 5）；假手术组给予对照饮食（n = 5）。收集和分析血液、粪便和肾脏样本。
Nx GFOB 组的血清肌酐（Cre）和血尿素氮明显低于 Nx CON 组。Nx GFOB 组的血清吲哚硫酸酯低于 Nx CON 组，且与血清 Cre 显著相关。Nx GFOB 组的无机磷和全段甲状旁腺激素明显低于 Nx CON 组。
使用合生元改善肠道环境可改善肾功能，并且可能是一种治疗 SHPT 的药理学方法，而无任何严重不良反应。
