Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Columbia University, 710 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Brain Res. 2019 Jan 15;1703:13-17. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.05.003. Epub 2018 May 18.
Sleep is a dynamic process, during which the electrical rhythms of the brain orchestrate a complicated progression of changing frequencies, patterns and connectivity. Each stage of sleep is different electrophysiologically from wakefulness, and from other sleep stages. It should be no surprise, then, that the various sleep states influence the origin, suppression, and spread of seizures, and that different seizure types are affected in individual (and sometimes contradictory) ways. While much of the electrical symphony that occurs in both normal and epileptic brains is incompletely understood, at the basic level some interesting and often clinically important influences of the various sleep states have been identified. While interictal epileptiform activity is not a seizure, these markers of epilepsy are affected by sleep. Both initiation and propagation of various seizure types are affected by sleep, and these are discussed separately. Finally, the relationship between sleep and epilepsy is clearly reciprocal, and the final sections will explore the changes in sleep that seizures and antiepileptic drugs can induce.
睡眠是一个动态的过程，在此过程中大脑的电节律协调着一系列复杂的频率、模式和连通性变化。睡眠的每个阶段在电生理上都与清醒状态和其他睡眠阶段不同。因此，各种睡眠状态会影响癫痫发作的起源、抑制和扩散，不同的癫痫发作类型以个体（有时是相互矛盾的）方式受到影响，这并不奇怪。尽管正常和癫痫大脑中发生的大部分电交响乐尚不完全理解，但在基本水平上，已经确定了各种睡眠状态对其产生的一些有趣且通常具有临床重要性的影响。虽然发作间期癫痫样活动不是癫痫发作，但这些癫痫的标志物受睡眠影响。各种癫痫发作类型的起始和传播都会受到睡眠的影响，这将分别进行讨论。最后，睡眠和癫痫之间的关系显然是相互的，最后几节将探讨癫痫发作和抗癫痫药物引起的睡眠变化。
