Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Director, Health Outcomes, Policy, and Evidence Synthesis (HOPES) Research Group, UConn and Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA.
J Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Nov;58(11):1396-1405. doi: 10.1002/jcph.1263. Epub 2018 May 23.
Kava is a plant with numerous kavapyrones that can induce pharmacologic effects and drug interactions through the cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein systems. Kava is used recreationally and for the treatment of anxiety. Clinical trials verify anxiolytic effects in excess of placebo, but the effects are not seen immediately and the optimal dose and dosing schedule needs to be determined. Clinical trials usually lasting for 4 weeks found generally good tolerability and safety; however, dermatologic, hepatologic, and cognitive adverse effects may occur. Some of these adverse effects are known to occur from the kavapyrones themselves, while others can be caused or exacerbated by use of substandard kava products. There is tremendous variability in the constitution of a kava product based on the parts of the plant that are being extracted and the extraction method. The most commonly studied extract for the treatment of anxiety is the acetone extract.
卡瓦是一种含有多种卡瓦胡椒素的植物，可通过细胞色素 P450 和 P-糖蛋白系统诱导药理作用和药物相互作用。卡瓦被用于娱乐和治疗焦虑。临床试验证实了其抗焦虑作用超过安慰剂，但效果并非立竿见影，需要确定最佳剂量和用药方案。通常持续 4 周的临床试验发现其具有良好的耐受性和安全性；然而，可能会出现皮肤、肝脏和认知方面的不良反应。其中一些不良反应已知是由卡瓦胡椒素本身引起的，而其他不良反应可能是由使用不合格的卡瓦产品引起或加重的。基于提取的植物部位和提取方法，卡瓦产品的成分存在巨大差异。最常用于治疗焦虑的提取物是丙酮提取物。
