Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany.
Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany.
J Dent. 2018 Jul;74:37-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2018.05.006. Epub 2018 May 21.
This study aimed to analyse if children with untreated or treated caries (restorations/missing teeth) are perceived differently compared to children with healthy teeth and to explore possible differences in the perception by laypersons and dental experts.
Eye movements of female experts (n = 20) and laypersons (n = 18) were recorded by eye-tracking while paired images (neutral expression/teeth not visible; emotional expression/smiling, teeth visible) of children with healthy teeth, with visible untreated or treated caries (restorations/missing teeth as a consequence of caries treatment), each n = 13, were presented. First fixation, total fixation time and number of fixations on the areas of interest (eyes, nose, mouth) in the first two seconds of presentation were determined. Furthermore, the images were rated regarding arousal, valence and attractivity. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney-U- and Kruskal-Wallis-tests (α = 0.05).
Generally, laypersons spent more time exploring and fixating the eye region than the mouth, while dental experts more often first percept and longer and more often fixated the mouth region, especially in images with emotional expression. Dental experts, but not laypersons, were significantly longer fixating the mouth of children with untreated caries than the mouth of children with healthy teeth in images with emotional expression. When evaluating images with emotional expression, both dental experts and laypersons rated children with healthy teeth to be more attractive, pleasant and calm than children with untreated or treated caries.
Children with visible treated and untreated caries were differently perceived by laypersons and dental experts than children with healthy teeth.
本研究旨在分析未经治疗或经治疗的龋齿（修复/缺牙）儿童与健康牙齿儿童的感知是否存在差异，并探讨非专业人士和牙科专家的感知差异。
通过眼动追踪记录了 20 名女性专家和 18 名非专业人士的眼动，同时呈现了 13 名健康牙齿儿童、13 名可见未经治疗或经治疗龋齿（龋齿治疗导致的修复/缺牙）儿童的配对图像（中性表情/牙齿不可见；表情/emotion 可见，牙齿可见）。在呈现的前两秒钟，确定了首次注视、总注视时间和对兴趣区域（眼睛、鼻子、嘴巴）的注视次数。此外，还对图像的唤醒度、愉悦度和吸引力进行了评分。使用 Mann-Whitney-U 和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验（α=0.05）进行了统计分析。
一般来说，非专业人士花更多的时间探索和注视眼睛区域，而牙科专家更多地首先感知并更长时间和更频繁地注视嘴巴区域，尤其是在表情图像中。牙科专家，但不是非专业人士，在有表情的图像中，注视未经治疗的龋齿儿童的嘴巴的时间明显长于健康牙齿儿童的嘴巴。当评估有表情的图像时，牙科专家和非专业人士都认为健康牙齿的儿童比未经治疗或经治疗的龋齿儿童更有吸引力、更愉快、更平静。
可见的未经治疗和经治疗的龋齿儿童与健康牙齿儿童相比，非专业人士和牙科专家的感知存在差异。
