溶解有机质会影响斑马鱼（Danio rerio）中多环芳烃的生物浓缩动力学和稳态浓度。
Dissolved organic matter affects both bioconcentration kinetics and steady-state concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in zebrafish (Danio rerio).
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Oct 15;639:648-656. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.067. Epub 2018 May 26.
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous in natural aquatic ecosystems. The association of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs), such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with DOM may have a large impact on HOC fractions in water and their bioconcentration in fish. However, the effects of DOM on HOC bioconcentration in fish are not well understood, especially whether DOM will affect the bioconcentration steady-state concentrations of HOCs in fish is still confusing. Thus, this study investigated the effects of three DOM including gallic acid (GA), tannic acid (TA), and humic acid (HA) with molecular weights ranging from 170 Da to about 10 kDa at different concentrations (1, 5, and 15 mgOC L) on the bioconcentration of PAHs including phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene in zebrafish (Danio rerio), with the PAH freely dissolved concentrations maintained constant by passive dosing systems. The results revealed that the presence of DOM generally increased the bioconcentration steady-state concentrations of the PAHs in zebrafish (C), with the increase ranging from 28.1% to 204.0%, and the increase of C promoted by TA with middle molecular weight (1700 Da) was the highest among the studied DOM. Moreover, the C increased with the concentrations of GA with low molecular weight and TA with middle molecular weight in water, whereas decreased with increasing concentrations of HA with high molecular weight. The uptake rate constants of the PAHs in zebrafish with DOM were higher than that without DOM. Ingestion of DOM and direct accumulation of PAHs associated with DOM might be primary influencing mechanisms of DOM on the C, and whether the facilitated diffusive mass transfer by DOM will affect the C needs to be further studied. This study suggested that DOM-associated HOCs should be considered in future HOC risk assessment in addition to the freely dissolved HOCs.
溶解有机质（DOM）普遍存在于自然水生生态系统中。疏水性有机化合物（HOCs），如多环芳烃（PAHs）与 DOM 的结合可能对水中 HOC 分数及其在鱼类中的生物浓缩有很大影响。然而，DOM 对鱼类中 HOC 生物浓缩的影响尚不清楚，特别是 DOM 是否会影响鱼类中 HOC 的生物浓缩稳态浓度仍然存在困惑。因此，本研究调查了三种 DOM，包括没食子酸（GA）、单宁酸（TA）和腐殖酸（HA），分子量在 170 Da 到 10 kDa 左右，在不同浓度（1、5 和 15 mgOC L）下对多环芳烃（包括菲、蒽、荧蒽和芘）在斑马鱼（Danio rerio）中的生物浓缩的影响，通过被动给药系统使多环芳烃的自由溶解浓度保持恒定。结果表明，DOM 的存在通常会增加多环芳烃在斑马鱼中的生物浓缩稳态浓度（C），增加幅度从 28.1%到 204.0%，而中等分子量（1700 Da）的 TA 所促进的 C 增加幅度最大。此外，C 随着水中低分子量 GA 和中分子量 TA 的浓度增加而增加，而随着高分子量 HA 的浓度增加而降低。有 DOM 存在时，斑马鱼对多环芳烃的摄取速率常数高于没有 DOM 存在时。DOM 对 C 的影响可能主要是通过 DOM 摄入和与 DOM 直接结合的 PAHs，而 DOM 是否会通过促进扩散质量转移来影响 C 则需要进一步研究。本研究表明，除了自由溶解的 HOCs 之外，DOM 相关的 HOCs 也应在未来的 HOC 风险评估中考虑。
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