Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland Medical System, Baltimore.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Jul 1;144(7):557-563. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2018.0360.
The introduction and evaluation of a novel technique to create nasal prostheses with 3-dimensional (3-D) imaging software may circumvent the need for an anaplastologist.
To describe a novel computer algorithm for the creation of a 3-D model of a nose and to evaluate the similarity of appearance of the nasal prosthesis with that of the individual's nose.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A prospective pilot study with a cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 1 to October 31, 2016, at a tertiary care academic center. Five volunteers were used for creation of the nasal prostheses, and 36 survey respondents with a medical background were involved in evaluating the nasal prostheses.
A computer algorithm using a 3-D animation software (Blender; Blender Foundation) and Adobe Photoshop CS6 (Adobe Systems) were used to create a 3-D model of a nose. Photographs of 5 volunteers were processed with the computer algorithm. The model was then printed using a desktop 3-D printer. Attending physicians, residents, and medical students completed a survey and were asked to rate the similarity between the individuals' photographs and their 3-D printed nose on a Likert-type scale.
The similarity between 3-D printed nasal models and photographs of the volunteers' noses based on survey data.
Thirty-six survey respondents evaluated 4 views for each of the 5 modeled noses (from 4 women and 1 man; mean [SD] age, 26.6 [5.7] years). The mean (SD) score for the overall similarity between the photographs and the 3-D models was 8.42 (1.34). The mean scores for each nasal comparison ranged from 7.97 to 8.62. According to the survey, respondents were able to match the correct 3-D nose to the corresponding volunteers' photographs in 171 of 175 photographs (97.7%). All surveyed clinicians indicated that they would consider using this tool to create a temporary prosthesis instead of referring to a prosthodontist.
This algorithm can be used to model and print a 3-D prosthesis of a human nose. The printed models closely depicted the photographs of each volunteer's nose and can potentially be used to create a temporary prosthesis to fill external nasal defects. The appropriate clinical application of this technique is yet to be determined.
引入并评估一种使用三维（3-D）成像软件制作鼻假体的新方法可能会避免对鼻再造术专家的需求。
描述一种用于创建鼻子 3-D 模型的新计算机算法，并评估鼻假体外观与个体鼻子的相似性。
设计、地点和参与者：这是一项 2016 年 8 月 1 日至 10 月 31 日在一家三级保健学术中心进行的前瞻性试点研究，使用横截面调查。使用该鼻假体对 5 名志愿者进行创建，有 36 名具有医学背景的调查参与者参与了鼻假体的评估。
使用 3-D 动画软件（Blender；Blender Foundation）和 Adobe Photoshop CS6（Adobe Systems）的计算机算法来创建鼻子的 3-D 模型。使用计算机算法处理 5 名志愿者的照片。然后使用桌面 3-D 打印机打印模型。主治医生、住院医师和医学生完成了一项调查，并被要求根据李克特量表对个人照片和他们的 3-D 打印鼻子之间的相似性进行评分。
基于调查数据，3-D 打印鼻模型与志愿者鼻子照片之间的相似性。
36 名调查参与者对 5 个模型的鼻子（4 名女性和 1 名男性；平均[标准差]年龄 26.6[5.7]岁）的 4 个视图进行了评估。照片和 3-D 模型之间整体相似性的平均（标准差）评分为 8.42（1.34）。每个鼻子比较的平均评分范围为 7.97 至 8.62。根据调查，在 175 张照片中的 171 张（97.7%）中，受访者能够将正确的 3-D 鼻子与相应志愿者的照片匹配。所有接受调查的临床医生都表示，他们将考虑使用该工具来制作临时假体，而不是转介给修复术专家。
该算法可用于对人类鼻子进行建模和打印 3-D 假体。打印的模型非常逼真地描绘了每位志愿者鼻子的照片，并且可以潜在地用于制作临时假体以填补外部鼻缺陷。该技术的适当临床应用尚待确定。
