Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 103, SE 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden.
Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 103, SE 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Oct 1;637-638:1395-1399. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.106. Epub 2018 May 22.
Wetlands have been successfully implemented as water purification systems for removal of plant nutrients and can play a significant role in nutrient recycling, depending on use of the harvested biomass. In a constructed wetland in southern Sweden examined in this study, assimilation of plant nutrients in wetland biomass corresponded to 234 kg/ha nitrogen, 22.8 kg/ha phosphorus, and 158 kg/ha potassium in the study year (2016). The harvested biomass, composed exclusively of common reed, was evaluated as a substrate for production of oyster mushrooms, one of the most widely produced edible mushrooms in the world. The biological efficiency of the substrate was 138 ± 10%, corresponding to production of 1.4 kg mushrooms (fresh weight) based on 1 kg reed (dry weight). The fruiting bodies had high quality, with total protein concentration 18.3 ± 2.8% and very low levels of contaminating heavy metals. Thus, nutrient assimilation in wetland biomass not only decreases the risk of eutrophication in recipient waters, but can be utilized for direct production of high-quality food. The biomass remaining after mushroom production, composed of mycelium and partly degraded wetland biomass, has potential for use in ruminant feed, i.e., as roughage.
湿地已成功用作植物营养物的净化系统，并可根据所收获生物量的用途，在养分再循环中发挥重要作用。在本研究中考察的瑞典南部的人工湿地中，湿地生物量对植物养分的同化作用相当于研究年（2016 年）中 234kg/公顷的氮、22.8kg/公顷的磷和 158kg/公顷的钾。所收获的生物量仅由芦苇组成，被评估为生产牡蛎蘑菇的基质，牡蛎蘑菇是世界上最广泛生产的食用蘑菇之一。基质的生物学效率为 138±10%，这意味着每 1kg 芦苇（干重）可生产 1.4kg 蘑菇（鲜重）。子实体质量很高，总蛋白浓度为 18.3±2.8%，且重金属污染水平非常低。因此，湿地生物量中营养物的同化不仅降低了受纳水体富营养化的风险，而且可直接用于生产高质量的食物。蘑菇生产后剩余的生物量由菌丝体和部分降解的湿地生物量组成，具有用于反刍动物饲料（即粗饲料）的潜力。
