Davies J B, Beech-Garwood P A, Thomson M C, McMahon J E
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, U.K.
Med Vet Entomol. 1988 Oct;2(4):357-69. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1988.tb00209.x.
Biting densities of the Simulium damnosum Theobald complex of blackflies and their levels of parasitism by Onchocerca volvulus (Leuckart) were compared at two ecologically contrasted sites in the Southern Province of Sierre Leone, West Africa: by the Tabe riverside close to Gbaiima village where onchocerciasis is hyperendemic (63.1% positive skin-snips) and in open rice fields 2 km from the mesoendemic (54.9%) village of Senehun. Using a combination of morphometric and enzyme electrophoresis techniques, the primary vector was found to belong to the S.sanctipauli subcomplex and was most probably S.soubrense 'B' (sensu Post, 1986). In the wet season biting activity took place throughout the day at the village, but had morning and evening peaks in the rice fields. Transmission of O.volvulus was detected at the village in all months except February-April, while in the rice fields it was detected only during September-November and May at one tenth the level of the village. There was a significant difference between the two sites in the proportion of parous flies carrying third stage larvae in the head, but not of other larval stages.
在西非塞拉利昂南部省份两个生态环境形成对比的地点，对恶蚋属（Theobald）黑蝇的叮咬密度及其感染旋盘尾丝虫（Leuckart）的水平进行了比较：一处是靠近Gbaiima村的塔贝河畔，盘尾丝虫病在这里为高度流行（皮肤切片阳性率为63.1%）；另一处是距离中流行（54.9%）的Senehun村2公里的开阔稻田。通过形态测量和酶电泳技术相结合的方法，发现主要传播媒介属于圣保罗氏亚复合体，极有可能是soubrense 'B'种（根据Post，1986年）。在雨季，在村庄全天都有叮咬活动，但在稻田则在早晨和傍晚出现高峰。除2月至4月外，在村庄的所有月份均检测到旋盘尾丝虫的传播，而在稻田仅在9月至11月以及5月检测到传播，且传播水平仅为村庄的十分之一。两个地点之间，携带三期幼虫的已产卵雌蝇比例存在显著差异，但其他幼虫阶段则无差异。
