Takaya Junji, Higashino Hirohiko, Ogasawara Hidenori, Konishi Kazutaka, Takaya Ryuzo, Tanoue Jitsuo, Higashide Takashi, Masuda Motoko, Nakao Masatoshi, Shigematsu Shigeto
Osaka Medical Association, School Physician Section, Tennoji, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan.
Pediatr Int. 2018 Aug;60(8):743-749. doi: 10.1111/ped.13602. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
We assessed the association between socioeconomic status at residential area-level in the 24 wards of Osaka City, differentiated by indices of mean income-related deprivation, and inequalities in childhood obesity and emaciation.
Data from representative samples of 26 474 schoolchildren (first and fifth grades of elementary school, and third grade of junior high school [i.e. ninth grade of elementary school]) in Osaka City taken from a somatometric check in spring 2016 were analyzed. The cross-sectional association between socioeconomic factors, that is, the census-based annual income of each ward, and the prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity and emaciation, was examined.
The prevalence of overweight/obesity in boys and girls in the first and fifth grades of elementary school and the third grade of junior high school was 3.98% and 4.53%, 10.18% and 8.69%, and 7.02% and 5.55%, respectively. The prevalence of emaciation in boys and girls in the first and fifth grades of elementary school, and the third grade of junior high school was 0.14% and 0.10%, 0.46% and 1.06% and 3.95% and 3.05%, respectively. Mean physical value, expressed as % degree of overweight, had a negative correlation with mean annual income of each ward in girls in the first and fifth grades of elementary school, girls in the third grade of junior high school and boys in the first grade of elementary school.
Overweight/obesity at school age is greatly affected by poverty. Efforts should be made to prevent emaciation not only in girls, but also in boys, in junior high school.
我们通过平均收入相关剥夺指数对大阪市24个区的居住区层面社会经济地位进行了区分，并评估了其与儿童肥胖和消瘦不平等之间的关联。
分析了2016年春季大阪市26474名学童（小学一、五年级以及初中三年级[即小学九年级]）代表性样本的体测数据。研究了社会经济因素（即各区基于人口普查的年收入）与儿童超重/肥胖及消瘦患病率之间的横断面关联。
小学一、五年级以及初中三年级男生和女生的超重/肥胖患病率分别为3.98%和4.53%、10.18%和8.69%、7.02%和5.55%。小学一、五年级以及初中三年级男生和女生的消瘦患病率分别为0.14%和0.10%、0.46%和1.06%、3.95%和3.05%。以超重百分比表示的平均身体值与小学一、五年级女生、初中三年级女生以及小学一年级男生所在区的平均年收入呈负相关。
学龄期超重/肥胖受贫困影响很大。应努力不仅在初中女生中，而且在初中男生中预防消瘦。
