School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Br J Health Psychol. 2018 Nov;23(4):820-842. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12318. Epub 2018 May 27.
Physical activity can prevent health risks and even a slight increase in physical activity benefits health. This study investigated potential contributing factors to incidental physical activity.
A two-part correlational study examined whether motivational properties (autonomous and controlled motivation) in interaction with implicit processes (implicit attitudes, attentional, and approach-avoid biases) contribute to incidental physical activity.
Participants (N = 103) recorded a 7-day step count to measure incidental physical activity. Implicit attitudes, attentional, and approach-avoid biases were measured using the SC-IAT, dot probe, and manikin tasks, respectively. Autonomous and controlled motivation were measured using the Perceived Locus of Causality Questionnaire.
Implicit attitudes and autonomous and controlled motivation were independently associated with incidental physical activity. Both autonomous and controlled motivation (when controlling for the other motivation-type) in interaction with approach bias contributed to incidental physical activity levels; motivation was positively associated with step count in participants with high avoid bias scores. Motivation did not interact with attentional bias to contribute to levels of incidental physical activity when controlling for motivation-type.
Findings showed that elements from self-determination theory and dual process models relate to incidental physical activity behaviour. Specifically, autonomous motivation and certain implicit processes contributed to incidental physical activity engagement. This study provides an important first step towards understanding the psychological mechanisms that contribute to incidental physical activity. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Motivation and implicit processes individually contribute to incidental physical activity behaviour. Autonomous motivation, rather than controlled motivation, primarily contributes to physical activity behaviour. What does this study add? Motivational and implicit processes together contribute to predicting levels of incidental physical activity. Both autonomous and controlled motivation contribute to levels of incidental physical activity. Certain implicit processes also play a role in incidental physical activity engagement.
身体活动可以预防健康风险，即使是稍微增加身体活动也有益于健康。本研究调查了偶然身体活动的潜在影响因素。
一项两部分的相关性研究考察了动机特性（自主和受控动机）与内隐过程（内隐态度、注意和趋近-回避偏差）的相互作用是否对偶然身体活动有贡献。
参与者（N=103）记录了 7 天的步数来衡量偶然身体活动。使用 SC-IAT、点探测和人体模型任务分别测量内隐态度、注意和趋近-回避偏差。自主和受控动机使用感知因果关系问卷进行测量。
内隐态度和自主和受控动机与偶然身体活动独立相关。当控制其他动机类型时，自主和受控动机与趋近偏差的相互作用都与偶然身体活动水平有关；当控制动机类型时，动机与回避偏差得分高的参与者的步数呈正相关。动机与注意偏差的相互作用并没有对偶然身体活动水平产生影响。
研究结果表明，自我决定理论和双过程模型的要素与偶然身体活动行为有关。具体而言，自主动机和某些内隐过程有助于偶然身体活动的参与。本研究为理解促进偶然身体活动的心理机制提供了重要的第一步。
