Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Section of Phoniatrics and Audiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
J Voice. 2019 Jul;33(4):580.e21-580.e30. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.01.006. Epub 2018 May 25.
The aim of this study was to establish normative data concerning the speaking voice of children and adolescents for clinical diagnostics.
Population-based mixed cross-sectional and longitudinal childhood cohort study.
Normative data measuring the speaking voice profile of 1352 male and 1274 female participants aged 6 to 17 years were collected. To evaluate the voice range, five different intensity levels as the quietest voicing speaking voice (Level I), conversational voice (Level II), classroom voice (Level III), shouting voice (Level IV), and again the quietest speaking voice (Level V) were investigated. Multivariable analyses were performed to describe the effects of body mass index, Tanner stage, and singing activity on the outcome variables.
A clear distinction in frequencies and sound pressure levels between the five different voice levels can be found in both genders. In females the mean fundamental frequency of the conversational voice lowers from 223.3 to 205.8 Hz. In male participants it lowers from 223.3 to 102.3 Hz. The most substantial decrease in the fundamental frequency of the speaking voice in boys occurs at 13.5 years. Girls show an almost continuous decline in their fundamental frequency. Only the Tanner stage showed significant positive relationships with the grade of lowering of the fundamental frequency in both sexes.
It was shown that the investigation of the speaking voice using predefined intensity-levels represents a feasible examination for children and adolescents. This study provides reference data on the range and age-adjusted normative values of the speaking voice.
本研究旨在为临床诊断建立有关儿童和青少年言语声音的规范数据。
基于人群的混合横断面和纵向儿童队列研究。
收集了 1352 名男性和 1274 名 6 至 17 岁的参与者的言语声音特征的规范数据。为了评估声音范围，我们调查了五个不同的强度级别，即最安静的发声说话声音（级别 I）、会话声音（级别 II）、教室声音（级别 III）、喊叫声（级别 IV）和再次最安静的说话声音（级别 V）。进行了多变量分析，以描述体重指数、Tanner 阶段和歌唱活动对结果变量的影响。
在两性中，都可以发现五个不同声音级别的频率和声压级之间有明显的区别。在女性中，会话声音的基频从 223.3 赫兹降低到 205.8 赫兹。在男性参与者中，基频从 223.3 赫兹降低到 102.3 赫兹。男孩说话声音基频的最大下降发生在 13.5 岁。女孩的基频几乎呈连续下降。只有 Tanner 阶段与两性基频降低的程度呈显著正相关。
研究表明，使用预设强度级别的言语声音调查代表了儿童和青少年可行的检查。本研究提供了关于言语声音范围和年龄调整的规范值的参考数据。
