Seyyed-Zadeh S J, Bozorg-Omid F, Telmadarraiy Z, Terenius O, Chavshin A R
Social Determinants of Health, Research Centre, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Med Vet Entomol. 2018 Sep;32(3):383-387. doi: 10.1111/mve.12308. Epub 2018 May 28.
Fleas are important vectors of diseases such as murine typhus, tularaemia, hymenolepiasis and plague. The presence of active foci and history of human- and flea-transmitted plague in northwest Iran prompted the present group to collect and identify fleas from human and livestock dwellings across West Azerbaijan Province. Adult fleas were collected and identified using routine taxonomic keys. Species designation was confirmed by sequencing the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). Of the collected specimens (n = 989), 104 were collected off-host (30 from human dwellings and 74 in light traps) and the rest were found on hosts (107 on animals and 778 by human bait). Of these fleas, 394 (40%) were male and 595 (60%) were female. The collected specimens belonged to the species Ctenocephalides canis, Ctenocephalides felis, Ctenocephalides orientis and Pulex irritans (all: Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). The amplified COI fragment, in addition to confirming the morphological identification of species, showed good efficacy in separating the different species in the phylogenetic analysis. In addition to the identification of fleas from human and livestock dwellings using morphological and molecular characteristics, the current paper represents the first report of the presence of C. orientis in northwest Iran. This finding suggests that changing climate conditions may have expanded the distribution of this species.
跳蚤是鼠型斑疹伤寒、兔热病、膜壳绦虫病和鼠疫等疾病的重要传播媒介。伊朗西北部存在活跃疫源地以及有人蚤传播鼠疫的历史，促使本研究团队在西阿塞拜疆省各地的人类和牲畜住所收集并鉴定跳蚤。使用常规分类学方法对成年跳蚤进行收集和鉴定。通过对细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）进行测序来确认物种名称。在所收集的标本（n = 989）中，104只为离宿主采集（30只采自人类住所，74只采自诱虫灯），其余则是在宿主身上发现的（107只在动物身上，778只通过人饵诱捕）。这些跳蚤中，394只（40%）为雄性，595只（60%）为雌性。所收集的标本属于犬栉首蚤、猫栉首蚤、东方栉首蚤和致痒蚤（均属于蚤目：蚤科）。扩增的COI片段除了能确认物种的形态学鉴定外，在系统发育分析中分离不同物种时也显示出良好的效果。除了利用形态学和分子特征对人类和牲畜住所的跳蚤进行鉴定外，本文还首次报道了伊朗西北部存在东方栉首蚤。这一发现表明，气候变化可能扩大了该物种的分布范围。
