Guseman Emily Hill, Whipps Jonathon, Howe Cheryl A, Beverly Elizabeth A
J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2018 Jun 1;118(6):389-395. doi: 10.7556/jaoa.2018.083.
Current guidelines recommend that primary care physicians provide physical activity counseling as part of routine preventive health care. However, education regarding physical activity counseling often is not included or is inadequately covered in medical school curriculum, and it is unclear whether future physicians are prepared to offer effective counseling in this area.
To examine first-year medical students' knowledge of and attitudes toward physical activity and the importance of physical activity in patient counseling.
An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to all first-year students enrolled at the Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine. The survey assessed students' knowledge, beliefs, and behavior regarding physical activity and physical activity counseling for patients. The frequencies of students' weekly physical activity were computed to assess students' physical activity behaviors. Attitudes toward personal importance of physical activity and physical activity counseling in primary care were also assessed by response frequency. The relationship between students' knowledge of and participation in physical activity and the priority placed on exercise for future patients were assessed by correlation.
Of 243 potential participants, 144 students (59.3%) returned the survey. The majority of students (131 of 144 [91.0%]) indicated that living a healthy lifestyle was very or extremely important to them, and 125 of 144 (86.9%) prioritized physical activity as moderately, very, or extremely important. Of 122 students, 81 (66.4%) exercised for at least 30 minutes on 3 or more of the past 7 days, and 36 (29.5%) reported doing so on 5 or more of the past 7 days. Nearly all of the students (127 of 133 [95.5%]) indicated that exercise is important for their future patients, 97 of 133 (72.9%) indicated feeling moderately or extremely comfortable counseling patients on exercise, and 113 of 134 (84.3%) desired to include physical activity counseling in their practice. Fifty of 134 students (40.3%) indicated that they were aware of current physical activity recommendations for adults in the United States; however, of these 50 students, 1 (2.0%) provided a correct definition of the national recommendations.
Although students prioritized healthy lifestyles for themselves and their future patients and indicated a desire to include physical activity counseling as part of routine clinical care, the majority were unaware of the current physical activity recommendations. Thus, there is a need to address physical activity recommendations in the medical school curriculum.
当前指南建议初级保健医生将身体活动咨询作为常规预防性医疗保健的一部分。然而，医学院课程中关于身体活动咨询的教育往往未被纳入或涵盖不足，目前尚不清楚未来的医生是否准备好在这一领域提供有效的咨询服务。
考察一年级医学生对身体活动的知识和态度，以及身体活动在患者咨询中的重要性。
向俄亥俄大学整骨医学院注册的所有一年级学生发放一份匿名电子调查问卷。该调查评估了学生关于身体活动及为患者提供身体活动咨询的知识、信念和行为。计算学生每周身体活动的频率以评估其身体活动行为。还通过回答频率评估学生对身体活动在个人方面的重要性以及在初级保健中进行身体活动咨询的态度。通过相关性分析评估学生对身体活动的知识和参与情况与对未来患者运动优先级的关系。
在243名潜在参与者中，144名学生（59.3%）回复了调查问卷。大多数学生（144名中的131名[91.0%]）表示健康的生活方式对他们非常或极其重要，144名中的125名（86.9%）将身体活动列为中等、非常或极其重要。在122名学生中，81名（66.4%）在过去7天中的3天或更多天锻炼了至少30分钟，36名（29.5%）报告在过去7天中的5天或更多天进行了锻炼。几乎所有学生（133名中的127名[95.5%]）表示锻炼对他们未来的患者很重要，133名中的97名（72.9%）表示在为患者提供锻炼咨询时感觉中等或极其自在，134名中的113名（84.3%）希望在其医疗实践中纳入身体活动咨询。134名学生中的50名（40.3%）表示他们了解美国当前针对成年人的身体活动建议；然而，在这50名学生中，只有1名（2.0%）正确给出了国家建议的定义。
尽管学生们将健康的生活方式视为对自己和未来患者的优先事项，并表示希望将身体活动咨询纳入常规临床护理，但大多数学生并不了解当前的身体活动建议。因此，医学院课程有必要涉及身体活动建议的内容。
