Murphy R C, Westcott J Y
Recent Dev Alcohol. 1985;3:101-22. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-7715-7_8.
Prostaglandins, thromboxane, and leukotrienes are metabolites of arachidonic acid that have a variety of physiological effects at low concentrations. Effects include smooth muscle contraction, platelet aggregation, platelet disaggregation, bronchoconstriction, increased capillary permeability, cardiac dysfunction, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation. Although their formation does not appear to be essential for life, these eicosanoid activities are wide ranging and have important roles in normal physiology as well as pathophysiology. At the center of eicosanoid biosynthesis lies the plasma cell membrane which serves as the arachidonic acid reservoir. It has been widely appreciated that ethanol exerts effects on the lipid bilayer, and it is not surprising that a growing body of evidence supports the concept that important interactions between ethanol and eicosanoid biosynthesis can occur. Furthermore, at various steps leading to ultimate prostaglandin, thromboxane and leukotriene production, reactive intermediates such as radicals are involved whose lifetime in the biological milieu can be profoundly modulated by ethanol.
前列腺素、血栓素和白三烯是花生四烯酸的代谢产物，在低浓度时具有多种生理效应。这些效应包括平滑肌收缩、血小板聚集、血小板解聚、支气管收缩、毛细血管通透性增加、心脏功能障碍以及多形核白细胞聚集。尽管它们的形成似乎并非生命所必需，但这些类花生酸的活性范围广泛，在正常生理学以及病理生理学中都发挥着重要作用。类花生酸生物合成的核心是浆细胞膜，它作为花生四烯酸的储存库。人们普遍认识到乙醇会对脂质双层产生影响，越来越多的证据支持乙醇与类花生酸生物合成之间可能发生重要相互作用这一观点也就不足为奇了。此外，在导致最终产生前列腺素、血栓素和白三烯的各个步骤中，都会涉及自由基等反应性中间体，而乙醇可深刻调节它们在生物环境中的寿命。
