Abi-Jaoude Elia, Segura Barbara, Cho Sang Soo, Crawley Adrian, Sandor Paul
From the Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (EA-J); the Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (EA-J, PS); the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain (BS); the Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (SC); the Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada (AC); and the Youthdale Treatment Centers, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (PS).
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2018 Fall;30(4):325-333. doi: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.17070140. Epub 2018 May 30.
The capacity to regulate urges is an important human characteristic associated with a range of social and health outcomes. Self-regulatory capacity has been postulated to have a limited reserve, which when depleted leads to failure. The authors aimed to investigate the neural correlates of self-regulatory fatigability. Functional MRI was used to detect brain activations in 19 right-handed healthy subjects during inhibition of eye blinking, in a block design. The increase in number of blinks during blink inhibition from the first to the last block was used as covariate of interest. There was an increase in the number of eye blinks escaping inhibitory control across blink inhibition blocks, whereas there was no change in the number of eye blinks occurring during rest blocks. Inhibition of blinking activated a wide network bilaterally, including the inferior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, supplementary motor area, and caudate. Deteriorating performance was associated with activity in orbitofrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, rostroventral anterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, somatosensory, and parietal areas. As anticipated, effortful eye-blink control resulted in activation of prefrontal control areas and regions involved in urge and interoceptive processing. Worsening performance was associated with activations in brain areas involved in urge, as well as regions involved in motivational evaluation. These findings suggest that self-regulatory fatigability is associated with relatively less recruitment of prefrontal cortical regions involved in executive control.
调节冲动的能力是一种重要的人类特征，与一系列社会和健康结果相关。自我调节能力被假定具有有限的储备，当储备耗尽时会导致失败。作者旨在研究自我调节疲劳的神经关联。在一项组块设计中，使用功能磁共振成像（Functional MRI）检测19名右利手健康受试者在抑制眨眼过程中的大脑激活情况。将眨眼抑制过程中从第一个组块到最后一个组块眨眼次数的增加用作感兴趣的协变量。在整个眨眼抑制组块中，逃避抑制控制的眨眼次数增加，而在休息组块中发生的眨眼次数没有变化。抑制眨眼双侧激活了一个广泛的网络，包括额下回、背外侧前额叶皮质、背侧前扣带回皮质、辅助运动区和尾状核。表现变差与眶额皮质、腹内侧前额叶皮质、吻腹侧前扣带回皮质、楔前叶、体感区和顶叶区域的活动有关。正如预期的那样，费力的眨眼控制导致前额叶控制区域以及参与冲动和内感受处理的区域激活。表现恶化与参与冲动的脑区以及参与动机评估的区域的激活有关。这些发现表明，自我调节疲劳与参与执行控制的前额叶皮质区域的相对较少募集有关。
