Maślanka Mateusz, Skadorwa Tymon, Ciszek Bogdan
Department of Descriptive and Clinical Anatomy, The Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chalubinskiego St., 02004, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Bogdanowicz Memorial Hospital for Children, 4/24 Nieklanska St., 03924, Warsaw, Poland.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2018 Oct;40(10):1111-1117. doi: 10.1007/s00276-018-2045-x. Epub 2018 May 29.
The subarcuate fossa (SF) is an anatomical structure situated on posterior wall of the petrous part of the temporal bone. In older children and adults, SF is a shallow depression and the subarcuate canaliculus starts within it. Awareness of postnatal changing morphology of this region is important especially for otosurgeon. The aim of this paper is to characterize both SF and SC by means of anatomical and radiological methods.
The study was carried out on CT scans of 101 children, aged 1-60 months. Length of the pyramid (PL), the distance between the anterior semicircular canal (ASC) and the pyramidal apex (PLM), the outer diameter of ASC (ASCD), width under ASC (SFWM), the distance between the fundus of SF and ASC (SFLL), the maximal width of SF lateral to ASC (SFWL), the distance between the fundus of SF and posterior surface of the pyramid (SFL) were measured.
Average value of all measured distances: PL 52.14 ± 6.32 mm and PLM 25.73 ± 3.47 mm (raised with age); ASCD 8.63 ± 0.67 mm; SFWM 0.95 ± 1.24 mm; SFLL 1.07 ± 1.63 mm; SFWL 0.76 ± 1.19 mm; SFL 3.60 ± 2.50 mm.
Petrous part of the temporal bone grows with age up to 5 years old, whereas ASC does not. SF diminishes with age: lateral to ASC is well developed in newborns and infants (up to first year), rapidly diminishes in children aged 1-2 years and is totally absent in children > 2 years. SF medial to ASC is constant and diminishes with age. In children older than 3 years morphology of SF is similar to adult.
弓下窝（SF）是位于颞骨岩部后壁的一个解剖结构。在大龄儿童和成人中，弓下窝是一个浅凹陷，弓下小管起始于此。了解该区域出生后的形态变化对于耳科医生尤为重要。本文旨在通过解剖学和放射学方法对弓下窝和弓下小管进行特征描述。
对101名年龄在1至60个月的儿童进行CT扫描研究。测量了颞骨锥体长度（PL）、前半规管（ASC）与锥体尖之间的距离（PLM）、ASC的外径（ASCD）、ASC下方的宽度（SFWM）、弓下窝底部与ASC之间的距离（SFLL）、ASC外侧弓下窝的最大宽度（SFWL）、弓下窝底部与锥体后表面之间的距离（SFL）。
所有测量距离的平均值：PL为52.14±6.32毫米，PLM为25.73±3.47毫米（随年龄增长）；ASCD为8.63±0.67毫米；SFWM为0.95±1.24毫米；SFLL为1.07±1.63毫米；SFWL为0.76±1.19毫米；SFL为3.60±2.50毫米。
颞骨岩部在5岁前随年龄增长，而ASC不随年龄增长。弓下窝随年龄减小：在新生儿和婴儿（直至1岁）中，ASC外侧的弓下窝发育良好，在1至2岁儿童中迅速减小，在2岁以上儿童中完全消失。ASC内侧的弓下窝保持不变并随年龄减小。在3岁以上儿童中，弓下窝的形态与成人相似。
