Girard Todd A, Wilkins Leanne K, Lyons Kathleen M, Yang Lixia, Christensen Bruce K
a Department of Psychology , Ryerson University , Toronto , Canada.
b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences , McMaster University , Hamilton , Canada.
Cogn Neuropsychiatry. 2018 Jul;23(4):242-253. doi: 10.1080/13546805.2018.1479248. Epub 2018 May 31.
Introduction Working-memory (WM) is a core cognitive deficit among individuals with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD). However, the underlying cognitive mechanisms of this deficit are less known. This study applies a modified version of the Corsi Block Test to investigate the role of proactive interference in visuospatial WM (VSWM) impairment in SSD. Methods Healthy and SSD participants completed a modified version of the Corsi Block Test involving both high (typical ascending set size from 4 to 7 items) and low (descending set size from 7 to 4 items) proactive interference conditions. Results The results confirmed that the SSD group performed worse overall relative to a healthy comparison group. More importantly, the SSD group demonstrated greater VSWM scores under low (Descending) versus high (Ascending) proactive interference; this pattern is opposite to that of healthy participants. Conclusions This differential pattern of performance supports that proactive interference associated with the traditional administration format contributes to VSWM impairment in SSD. Further research investigating associated neurocognitive mechanisms and the contribution of proactive interference across other domains of cognition in SSD is warranted.
引言 工作记忆（WM）是精神分裂症谱系障碍（SSD）患者的核心认知缺陷。然而，这种缺陷背后的认知机制尚不清楚。本研究应用改良版的科西方块测验来探究前摄干扰在SSD患者视觉空间工作记忆（VSWM）损伤中的作用。方法 健康参与者和SSD患者完成了改良版的科西方块测验，该测验包括高（典型的项目数量从4个增加到7个）和低（项目数量从7个减少到4个）前摄干扰条件。结果 结果证实，与健康对照组相比，SSD组总体表现更差。更重要的是，SSD组在低（递减）与高（递增）前摄干扰下表现出更高的VSWM分数；这种模式与健康参与者相反。结论 这种不同的表现模式支持了与传统测验形式相关的前摄干扰会导致SSD患者的VSWM损伤。有必要进一步研究相关的神经认知机制以及前摄干扰对SSD患者其他认知领域的影响。
