Minta J O, Pambrun L
Am J Pathol. 1985 Apr;119(1):111-26.
The tumor-promoting ester 4 beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) has been shown to induce the differentiation of the immature monocytelike cell line U-937 c in vitro into a heterogeneous population of cells, including small "dense" cells, large vacuolized or "foamy" cells, spindle-shaped cells, and cells with multiple filopodia ("stellate" cells). The effect of PMA was dose- and time-dependent, the optimal conditions being 40-162 nM PMA for 48 hours. The minimum time of exposure to PMA to ensure further differentiation of U-937 cells was about 5 hours. The PMA-stimulated cells acquired morphologic, ultrastructural, and functional characteristics typical of cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. The PMA-treated U-937 cells became adherent, ceased to proliferate, and exhibited increased expression of monocyte-specific antigens (Leu-M2, - M3, HLADr), surface receptors (FcR, C3bR), enzymes (nonspecific esterase, transglutaminase), and ability to mediate chemotaxis, phagocytosis, superoxide anion production, and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity reactions. The induced cells lost their morphologic differentiation and ability to attach to surfaces and regained proliferative capacity upon repeated subculture in PMA-free media.
促肿瘤酯4β-佛波醇12-肉豆蔻酸酯13-乙酸酯（PMA）已被证明可在体外诱导未成熟单核细胞样细胞系U-937分化为异质性细胞群体，包括小的“致密”细胞、大的空泡化或“泡沫”细胞、纺锤形细胞以及具有多个丝状伪足的细胞（“星状细胞”）。PMA的作用具有剂量和时间依赖性，最佳条件是40 - 162 nM PMA作用48小时。确保U-937细胞进一步分化所需的最短PMA暴露时间约为5小时。PMA刺激的细胞获得了单核细胞/巨噬细胞谱系细胞典型的形态、超微结构和功能特征。经PMA处理的U-937细胞变得贴壁，停止增殖，并表现出单核细胞特异性抗原（Leu-M2、-M3、HLA-Dr）、表面受体（FcR、C3bR）、酶（非特异性酯酶、转谷氨酰胺酶）表达增加，以及介导趋化性、吞噬作用、超氧阴离子产生和抗体依赖性细胞毒性反应的能力。诱导后的细胞失去其形态分化和附着于表面的能力，并在无PMA培养基中反复传代培养后恢复增殖能力。
