Phattarapattamawong Songkeart, Kaiser Andreas Marius, Saracevic Ernis, Schaar Heidemarie Paula, Krampe Jörg
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailandand Research Program in Control of Hazardous Contaminants in Raw Water Resources for Water Scarcity Resilience, Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Thailand E-mail:
Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria.
Water Sci Technol. 2018 May;2017(2):404-411. doi: 10.2166/wst.2018.170.
The study aims to simultaneously control micropollutants and bromate formations by using ozonation and peroxone process. The batch experiments were run with variations in specific ozone dose (SOD) and hydrogen peroxide-to-ozone (HO/O) ratio. Based on the removal by ozonation and peroxone, micropollutants were categorized into three groups: non-reactive compounds (i.e. amidotrizoate), moderately reactive compounds (i.e. metoprolol, acesulfame potassium, bezafibrate, and benzotriazole), and highly reactive compounds (i.e. carbamazepine and diclofenac). For ozonation and peroxone process, the removals for highly reactive compounds and moderately reactive compounds were 82-99% and 29-99%, respectively. The removal of amidotrizoate was not observed in this study. The effect of ozonation on micropollutant removals was similar to the peroxone process. However, differences in bromate formation were observed. Bromate formation depended on the SOD, while addition of hydrogen peroxide suppressed the bromate formation. The peroxone process at the HO/O ratio of 0.3 was recommended to bromide-containing water below 100 µg·L for simultaneous control of micropollutants and bromate. Enhancement in micropollutant removals, except for the non-reactive groups, was achieved with either higher SOD or the addition of hydrogen peroxide to ozonation. The micropollutant removal predicted from the second-order kinetic reaction with ozone and •OH exposures was higher than the observed data.
该研究旨在通过臭氧氧化和过氧单硫酸盐工艺同时控制微污染物和溴酸盐的形成。通过改变特定臭氧剂量（SOD）和过氧化氢与臭氧的比例（HO/O）进行了间歇实验。根据臭氧氧化和过氧单硫酸盐工艺的去除效果，微污染物被分为三组：非反应性化合物（即泛影酸盐）、中度反应性化合物（即美托洛尔、安赛蜜、苯扎贝特和苯并三唑）和高反应性化合物（即卡马西平和双氯芬酸）。对于臭氧氧化和过氧单硫酸盐工艺，高反应性化合物和中度反应性化合物的去除率分别为82 - 99%和29 - 99%。本研究中未观察到泛影酸盐的去除。臭氧氧化对微污染物去除的效果与过氧单硫酸盐工艺相似。然而，观察到了溴酸盐形成的差异。溴酸盐的形成取决于特定臭氧剂量，而过氧化氢的添加抑制了溴酸盐的形成。对于溴化物含量低于100 µg·L的水，建议采用HO/O比例为0.3的过氧单硫酸盐工艺同时控制微污染物和溴酸盐。除了非反应性组外，通过提高特定臭氧剂量或向臭氧氧化中添加过氧化氢，微污染物的去除率得到了提高。根据与臭氧和•OH暴露的二级动力学反应预测的微污染物去除率高于观测数据。
