Cytoplasmic bridges, intercellular junctions, and individualization of germ cells during spermatogenesis in Dermatobia hominis (Diptera: Cuterebridae).

During mitotic and meiotic divisions in Dermatobia hominis spermatogenesis, the germ cells stay interlinked by cytoplasmic bridges as a result of incomplete cytokinesis. By the end of each division, cytoplasmic bridges flow to the center of the cyst, forming a complex, called the fusoma. During meiotic prophase I, spermatocytes I present desmosome-like junctions and meiotic cytoplasmic bridges. At the beginning of spermiogenesis, the fusoma moves to the future caudal end of the cyst, and at this time the early spermatids are linked by desmosome-like junctions. Throughout spermiogenesis, new and sometimes broad cytoplasmic bridges are formed among spermatids at times making them share cytoplasm. In this case the individualization of cells is assured by the presence of smooth cisternae that outline their structures. The more differentiated spermatids have in addition to narrow cytoplasmic bridges, plasmic membranes junctions. By the end of spermiogenesis, the excess cytoplasmic mass is eliminated leading to spermatid individualization. Desmosome-like junctions of spermatocytes I and early spermatids appear during the fusoma readjustment and segregations; on the other hand, plasmic membrane junctions appear in differentiating spermatids and are eliminated along with the cytoplasmic excess. These circumstances suggest that belt desmosome-like and plasmic membrane junctions are involved in the maintenance of the relative positions of male germ cells in D. hominis while they are inside the cysts. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.