Electrochemical genosensor based on template assisted synthesized polyaniline nanotubes for chronic myelogenous leukemia detection.

This work reports a facile approach to synthesize polyaniline nanotubes (PANI-NT) by using manganese oxide as sacrificial templates. This template assisted polyaniline nanotubes (t-PANI-NT) were utilized as electrode material after deposition onto the indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates by using the electrophoretic technique. The structural, morphological and electrochemical characterizations of the t-PANI-NT show relatively better results compared to chemically synthesized PANI-NT (c-PANI-NT). Moreover, the t-PANI-NT/ITO electrode exhibits improved electron transfer coefficient (α = 0.63) and charge transfer rate constant (k = 0.05912 s) in comparison to c-PANI-NT/ITO electrode (α = 0.56 and k = 0.06548 s). The obtained t-PANI-NT/ITO electrodes have been further immobilized with biotinylated DNA sequence, specific to chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) by using avidin-biotin as a cross-linking agent. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies revealed that the genosensor displays linearity in wide range of target DNA concentration (10 to 10 M) with an outstanding differentiation ability and low detection limit of 10 M. The experimental results of this highly sensitive and specific genosensor with clinical samples of CML positive patients and control negative patients indicate its potential for clinical diagnostics.