Institute of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Vilnius Research Group, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018 Jul;29(7):716-724. doi: 10.1111/clr.13263. Epub 2018 May 31.
To evaluate how vertical mucosal tissue thickness affects crestal bone stability around triangular-shaped bone-level implants, restored with low profile titanium bases and monolithic lithium disilicate restorations.
Fifty-five bone-level implants of 4.3 mm diameter were evaluated in 55 patients (22 males and 34 females, mean age 48.3 ± 3.4 years) in prospective cohort study. According to vertical mucosal thickness, patients were assigned into three groups: 1 (thin, 2 mm or less), 2 (medium, 2.5 mm) and 3 (thick, 3 mm and more). Implants were placed in posterior mandible and maxilla in one-stage approach and, after integration, were restored with single screw-retained monolithic lithium disilicate crowns, using low gingival profile titanium bases. Radiographic examination was performed after implant placement and after 1-year follow-up. Crestal bone loss was registered mesially and distally, and mean value was calculated. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests were applied; significance was set to 0.05.
Mean vertical tissue thickness in 1 group was 1.76 ± 0.26 mm, 2 group-2.5 mm and 3.91 ± 0.59 mm in group 3, with statistically significant difference between all groups (p < 0.001). After 1-year follow-up, implants in group 1 (thin) had 1.25 ± 0.8 mm bone loss. Implants in group 2 (medium) had 0.98 ± 0.06, while implants in group 3 (thick) lost 0.43 ± 0.37 mm of crestal bone. Tukey's HSD test showed that differences between 1/3 and 2/3 were statistically significant (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0014, respectively), while between 1 and 2 was not significant (p = 0.310).
Significantly less bone loss occurs around triangular-shaped bone-level implants in thick mucosal tissues (≥3 mm), compared to medium or thin tissue biotype. Crestal bone loss did not differ between medium and thin tissues.
评估三角型骨水平种植体周围垂直黏膜组织厚度对种植体颊侧骨稳定性的影响，这些种植体采用低轮廓钛基台和整体式硅酸锂修复体进行修复。
本前瞻性队列研究共纳入 55 名患者（22 名男性，34 名女性；平均年龄 48.3±3.4 岁）的 55 颗 4.3mm 直径的骨水平种植体。根据垂直黏膜厚度，患者被分为三组：1 组（薄，2mm 或更薄）、2 组（中厚，2.5mm）和 3 组（厚，3mm 或更厚）。种植体在一期手术中植入下颌和上颌后，在整合后使用低牙龈轮廓钛基台，用单颗螺丝固位的整体式硅酸锂冠进行修复。种植体植入后和 1 年随访时进行放射检查。记录颊侧和远中侧的牙槽骨丧失量，并计算平均值。采用单因素方差分析和 Tukey 的 HSD 检验；显著性水平设为 0.05。
1 组的平均垂直组织厚度为 1.76±0.26mm，2 组为 2.5mm，3 组为 3.91±0.59mm，三组间有统计学差异（p<0.001）。1 年后随访时，1 组（薄）的种植体有 1.25±0.8mm 的骨丧失。2 组（中厚）的种植体有 0.98±0.06mm，而 3 组（厚）的种植体丧失了 0.43±0.37mm 的颊侧骨。Tukey 的 HSD 检验显示，1/3 组和 2/3 组之间的差异具有统计学意义（p<0.001 和 p=0.0014），而 1 组和 2 组之间的差异无统计学意义（p=0.310）。
与中厚或薄组织类型相比，在厚黏膜组织（≥3mm）中，三角型骨水平种植体周围的骨丢失明显较少。中厚组织和薄组织之间的牙槽骨丧失没有差异。
