Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati OH, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, US.
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati OH, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, US.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2018 Sep;95:145-148. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.05.024. Epub 2018 May 18.
Life-course exposure to stress is associated with a wide-range of health outcomes. Early childhood adversity may affect an individual's future response to stress. This is of particular concern during pregnancy as early maternal stress may impact the stress response in pregnancy, altering fetal exposure. We therefore hypothesized maternal childhood adversity may interact with distress experienced in pregnancy affecting maternal cortisol accumulation in pregnancy. Analyses were conducted within the PRegnancy and Infant Development (PRIDE) Study, a cohort of mother-infant pairs participating in Every Child Succeeds, a home visiting program in Cincinnati, Ohio. Thirty (of 53) healthy pregnant mothers contributed a hair sample and completed a battery of psychologic and stress measures including the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Scale. We used linear models to estimate the association between symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatization, both pregnancy and perceived stress and cortisol deposition; we generated multiplicative interaction terms generated and models stratified by the dose of ACEs (≥2/<2). Although overall the associations between maternal psychological distress were not associated with hair cortisol, among women who experienced ≥2 ACEs, depressive, somatic, and anxiety symptoms and perceived stress during pregnancy were positively (and significantly for depressive and somatic) correlated with cortisol accumulation. Pregnancy-specific stress was inversely associated with cortisol and also varied by ACEs. Interactions were non-significant (p values 0.11-0.51). We identified an association between measures of distress in pregnancy and hair cortisol only among mothers who experienced high levels of childhood adversity demonstrating importance of recognizing life-course stress.
一生中经历的压力与广泛的健康结果有关。儿童早期逆境可能会影响个体未来对压力的反应。这在怀孕期间尤其令人关注，因为早期的母亲压力可能会影响怀孕期间的应激反应，改变胎儿的暴露。因此，我们假设母亲的儿童期逆境可能与怀孕期间经历的痛苦相互作用，从而影响怀孕期间母亲的皮质醇积累。分析是在妊娠和婴儿发育（PRIDE）研究中进行的，该研究是母婴对俄亥俄州辛辛那提市的每个孩子都成功参与的家庭访视计划的队列。三十（53 个）健康孕妇提供了头发样本，并完成了一系列心理和压力测量，包括不良儿童经历（ACE）量表。我们使用线性模型来估计抑郁、焦虑、躯体化、妊娠和感知压力与皮质醇沉积之间的关系；我们生成了乘法交互项，并根据 ACE 剂量（≥2/<2）对模型进行了分层。尽管总体而言，母亲心理困扰与头发皮质醇之间没有关联，但在经历≥2 ACE 的女性中，怀孕期间的抑郁、躯体和焦虑症状以及感知压力与皮质醇积累呈正相关（抑郁和躯体显著相关）。妊娠特异性压力与皮质醇呈负相关，并且也因 ACE 而异。交互作用不显著（p 值为 0.11-0.51）。我们仅在经历高水平儿童逆境的母亲中发现了妊娠期间焦虑测量值与头发皮质醇之间的关联，这表明认识到生活压力的重要性。
