Lee Sabrina Eun Kyung, Lira Claudio Andre Barbosa de, Nouailhetas Viviane Louise Andree, Vancini Rodrigo Luiz, Andrade Marilia Santos
Departamento de Fisiologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Setor de Fisiologia Humana e do Exercício, Laboratório de Avaliação do Movimento Humano, Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Apr;22(2):430-437. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.08.001. Epub 2017 Aug 19.
Several studies have been developed to determine which type of muscular action (isometric, isotonic and isokinetic) elicits more gains in functional strength and muscle mass. The comparisons between training outcomes are inconclusive due to lack of exercise standardization.
To compare muscle strength, mass, and functional performance in response to isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic contractions, when training loads (volume and intensity) are equated.
Data were derived from a university community-recruited sample (n = 31 men).
Untrained men were assigned to isotonic (IT), isometric (IM), or isokinetic (IK) group, and trained their dominant quadriceps muscle 3 sessions/week for 8 weeks with a dynamometer. Muscle strength was assessed using Cybex 6000 dynamometer; the triple-hop-distance test was used to assess functional performance, and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry to assess lean muscle mass.
After training, muscle lean muscle mass increased in isometric (+3.1%, p < 0.01) and isotonic groups (+3.9%, p < 0.01); only the isokinetic group showed a significant improvement in the triple-hop-distance test (4.84%, p < 0.01).
Clinicians should consider isometric training as an alternative for isotonic training to gain muscle mass, and isokinetic training to improve functional performance of daily activities and/or sports.
已经开展了多项研究来确定哪种类型的肌肉运动（等长、等张和等速）能在功能力量和肌肉质量方面带来更多提升。由于缺乏运动标准化，训练结果之间的比较尚无定论。
在训练负荷（量和强度）相等的情况下，比较等长、等张和等速收缩对肌肉力量、质量和功能表现的影响。
数据来源于通过大学社区招募的样本（n = 31名男性）。
未受过训练的男性被分配到等张（IT）、等长（IM）或等速（IK）组，使用测力计每周训练其优势股四头肌3次，共8周。使用Cybex 6000测力计评估肌肉力量；使用三级跳远距离测试评估功能表现，使用双能X线吸收法评估瘦肌肉质量。
训练后，等长组（+3.1%，p < 0.01）和等张组（+3.9%，p < 0.01）的瘦肌肉质量增加；只有等速组在三级跳远距离测试中显示出显著改善（4.84%，p < 0.01）。
临床医生应考虑将等长训练作为增加肌肉质量的等张训练的替代方法，以及将等速训练作为改善日常活动和/或运动功能表现的方法。
