Davis Margaret T, Holmes Sophie E, Pietrzak Robert H, Esterlis Irina
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks). 2017 Jan-Dec;1. doi: 10.1177/2470547017710916. Epub 2017 Jun 22.
Chronic stress accounts for billions of dollars of economic loss annually in the United States alone, and is recognized as a major source of disability and mortality worldwide. Robust evidence suggests that chronic stress plays a significant role in the onset of severe and impairing psychiatric conditions, including major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Application of molecular imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography in recent years has begun to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms by which chronic stress confers risk for these disorders. The present paper provides a comprehensive review and synthesis of all positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography imaging publications focused on the examination of molecular targets in individuals with major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, or bipolar disorder to date. Critical discussion of discrepant findings and broad strengths and weaknesses of the current body of literature is provided. Recommended future directions for the field of molecular imaging to further elucidate the neurobiological substrates of chronic stress-related disorders are also discussed. This article is part of the inaugural issue for the journal focused on various aspects of chronic stress.
仅在美国，慢性应激每年就造成数十亿美元的经济损失，并且在全球范围内被公认为是残疾和死亡的主要原因。有力证据表明，慢性应激在包括重度抑郁症、双相情感障碍和创伤后应激障碍在内的严重且致残性精神疾病的发病过程中起着重要作用。近年来，正电子发射断层扫描和单光子发射计算机断层扫描等分子成像技术的应用，已开始为慢性应激导致这些疾病风险的分子机制提供见解。本文对迄今为止所有专注于检查重度抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍或双相情感障碍患者分子靶点的正电子发射断层扫描和单光子发射计算机断层扫描成像出版物进行了全面回顾和综合。对现有文献中相互矛盾的研究结果以及广泛的优势和劣势进行了批判性讨论。还讨论了分子成像领域为进一步阐明慢性应激相关疾病的神经生物学基础所推荐的未来方向。本文是该专注于慢性应激各个方面的期刊创刊号的一部分。
