Brunini Sandra M, Barros Cleiciane V de Lima, Guimarães Rafael Alves, Galdino Júnior Hélio, Rezza Giovanni, Santos Jordana Rs, da Cunha Vanessa E, Sousa Johnatan M, Ferreira Priscilla M, Barros David A Costa
1 Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
2 Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Int J STD AIDS. 2018 Nov;29(11):1084-1088. doi: 10.1177/0956462418767188. Epub 2018 Jun 3.
Homeless men present high vulnerability to HIV infection, mainly due to sexual risk behaviors and substance use. The objective was to estimate the prevalence of HIV infection, risk behaviors and substance use in homeless men. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 481 homeless men recruited in four therapeutic communities in the Goiás State, Central Brazil. All were interviewed about sociodemographic characteristics, substance use, and risk behaviors. Furthermore, all were tested for HIV. Poisson regression was used to verify factors associated with HIV infection. HIV prevalence was 1.24% (95.0% CI: 0.57 to 2.69%). Previous HIV testing (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR]: 10.0; 95.0% CI: 1.86-55.8) and years of education (APR: 0.76; 95.0% CI: 0.60-0.97) were factors associated with HIV infection. Participants had high rates of hazardous alcohol use and illicit drug use. The prevalence of HIV infection among homeless men was higher than that found in the Brazilian male population and we identified a high rate of risk behaviors for HIV among the homeless men investigated. Thus, it is necessary to expand HIV prevention measures in Brazil, such as health education, condom availability, regular HIV testing and increased testing coverage in this population, and treatment for alcohol and/or illicit drug dependence/abuse.
无家可归的男性极易感染艾滋病毒，主要原因是性行为风险行为和药物使用。目的是估计无家可归男性中艾滋病毒感染、风险行为和药物使用的流行率。在巴西中部戈亚斯州的四个治疗社区招募了481名无家可归男性，进行了一项横断面研究。所有参与者均接受了关于社会人口学特征、药物使用和风险行为的访谈。此外，所有人都接受了艾滋病毒检测。采用泊松回归分析来验证与艾滋病毒感染相关的因素。艾滋病毒感染率为1.24%（95.0%可信区间：0.57至2.69%）。既往艾滋病毒检测（调整后的流行率比值[APR]：10.0；95.0%可信区间：1.86-55.8）和受教育年限（APR：0.76；95.0%可信区间：0.60-0.97）是与艾滋病毒感染相关的因素。参与者中有害酒精使用和非法药物使用的比例很高。无家可归男性中的艾滋病毒感染率高于巴西男性人口中的感染率，并且我们在所调查的无家可归男性中发现了较高的艾滋病毒风险行为发生率。因此，有必要在巴西扩大艾滋病毒预防措施，如健康教育、提供避孕套、定期进行艾滋病毒检测并提高该人群的检测覆盖率，以及对酒精和/或非法药物依赖/滥用进行治疗。
