Gong Xu, Li Weiran, Gao Xuemei
Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
J Craniofac Surg. 2018 Oct;29(7):1717-1722. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000004638.
Craniofacial skeletal patterns change after orthognathic surgery. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of different craniofacial patterns on nasal respiratory function and the upper airway.
Forty-seven healthy subjects were selected and divided into 3 groups according to their mandibular position. Sixteen were in the skeletal Class I group, 15 were in the skeletal Class II group, and 16 were in the skeletal Class III group. Cone beam computed tomography was performed, and nasal airflow and nasal resistance were measured. Differences in nasal respiratory functions and upper airway were compared among the groups. A correlation analysis was conducted for nasal respiratory function, upper airway, and skeletal patterns.
There were significant differences among the 3 groups regarding dominant-side nasal inspiratory capacity (P = 0.001), bilateral nasal inspiratory capacity (P = 0.005), nasal partitioning ratio-inspiration (P = 0.007), and velopharyngeal minimum cross-sectional area (P = 0.029). The values were significantly higher for the skeletal Class III group than the skeletal Class I and II groups. A correlation analysis showed that the nasal partitioning ratio and nasal airway resistance were mostly negatively correlated with SNA, but the upper airway volume and cross-sectional area were positively correlated with SNB and negatively correlated with ANB. The dominant-side nasal expiratory capacity was mainly negatively correlated with the mean velopharyngeal cross-sectional area (r = -0.324, P = 0.026), mean glossopharyngeal cross-sectional area (Glosso-A mean) (r = -0.293, P = 0.046), and mean total airway cross-sectional area (Total-A mean) (r = -0.307, P = 0.036).
Craniofacial skeletal morphology may affect nasal respiratory function and the upper airway.
正颌手术后颅面骨骼形态会发生变化。本研究旨在探讨不同颅面形态对鼻呼吸功能和上气道的影响。
选取47名健康受试者，根据下颌位置分为3组。骨骼I类组16人，骨骼II类组15人，骨骼III类组16人。进行锥形束计算机断层扫描，并测量鼻气流和鼻阻力。比较各组间鼻呼吸功能和上气道的差异。对鼻呼吸功能、上气道和骨骼形态进行相关性分析。
3组在优势侧鼻吸气量（P = 0.001）、双侧鼻吸气量（P = 0.005）、鼻分隔率-吸气（P = 0.007）和腭咽最小横截面积（P = 0.029）方面存在显著差异。骨骼III类组的值显著高于骨骼I类和II类组。相关性分析表明，鼻分隔率和鼻气道阻力大多与SNA呈负相关，但上气道容积和横截面积与SNB呈正相关，与ANB呈负相关。优势侧鼻呼气量主要与腭咽平均横截面积（r = -0.324，P = 0.026）、舌咽平均横截面积（舌咽-A平均）（r = -0.293，P = 0.046）和总气道平均横截面积（总-A平均）（r = -0.307，P = 0.036）呈负相关。
颅面骨骼形态可能影响鼻呼吸功能和上气道。
