Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium; Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Belgium.
Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium; Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging (GIfMI), Ghent University, Belgium.
Cortex. 2018 Sep;106:12-25. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.04.012. Epub 2018 May 16.
Most humans show typical brain functional specialization with language and praxis favoring left hemisphere lateralization and spatial attention and face recognition showing right hemisphere dominance. Lateralization of these cognitive functions was investigated using fMRI in participants with complete visceral reversal and matched control participants. While most participants revealed typical brain organization, atypical functional segregation was significantly more frequent in participants with visceral reversal. Interestingly, some left handers maintained typical functional segregation but showed complete reversal of all cognitive functions regardless of visceral organization. Cognitive performance, as measured with a neuropsychological test battery, was significantly predicted by the degree of atypical functional segregation of praxis and spatial attention. Increased deviation from typical functional segregation paired with lower cognitive performance. The findings suggest that typical functional segregation reflects an optimal evolutionary solution with deviations being associated with reduced cognitive performance.
大多数人在大脑功能上表现出典型的专业化，语言和实践偏向于左半球，而空间注意力和人脸识别则表现出右半球优势。使用 fMRI 研究了具有完全内脏反转的参与者和匹配的对照组参与者的这些认知功能的偏侧化。虽然大多数参与者表现出典型的大脑组织，但在具有内脏反转的参与者中，非典型的功能分离明显更为频繁。有趣的是，一些左撇子人保持了典型的功能分离，但无论内脏组织如何，他们所有的认知功能都完全反转。使用神经心理学测试组合测量的认知表现与实践和空间注意力的非典型功能分离程度显著相关。与典型的功能分离相比，功能分离程度越高，认知表现越差。这些发现表明，典型的功能分离反映了一种最佳的进化解决方案，而偏离则与认知表现下降有关。
