Hastings Kenneth L
Hastings Toxicology Consulting LLC, Mount Airy, MD, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1803:3-13. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8549-4_1.
Immunotoxicological research and testing have evolved from early studies of anaphylaxis to the robust and diverse field of immunotoxicology as we know it today. Early studies connecting immune dysfunction with exposure to exogenous agents focused on adverse reactions to immunogenic agents present in vaccines. Over time, work done by immunologists and pathologists leads to descriptions of characteristics of immunogenic agents as well as mechanisms by which anaphylaxis occurs and an understanding of the concept of immunosuppression. These myriad achievements greatly improved public health and led the field of immunotoxicology, which addresses all aspects of adverse immunological responses following exposure to exogenous agents as well as the development of testing paradigms to understand immunological responses of designed agents such as drugs and biologics.
免疫毒理学研究与检测已从早期的过敏反应研究发展成为如今强大且多样的免疫毒理学领域。早期将免疫功能障碍与接触外源性物质联系起来的研究主要集中在对疫苗中免疫原性物质的不良反应上。随着时间的推移，免疫学家和病理学家的工作促成了对免疫原性物质特征的描述、过敏反应发生机制的阐释以及免疫抑制概念的理解。这些众多的成果极大地改善了公众健康，并引领了免疫毒理学领域的发展，该领域涵盖了接触外源性物质后不良免疫反应的各个方面，以及用于理解药物和生物制品等设计物质免疫反应的检测范式的开发。
