Curvature Elasticity of the Electric Double Layer.

Mean-field electrostatics is used to calculate the bending moduli of an electric double layer for fixed surface charge density of a macroion in a symmetric 1∶1 electrolyte. The resulting expressions for bending stiffness, Gaussian modulus, and spontaneous curvature refer to a general underlying equation of state of the electrolyte, subject to a local density approximation and the absence of dipole and higher-order fields. We present results for selected applications: the lattice-gas Poisson-Fermi model with and without asymmetric ion sizes, and the Poisson-Carnahan-Starling model.