Wehner Katja, Heethoff Michael, Brückner Adrian
Ecological Networks, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
PeerJ. 2018 Jun 4;6:e4863. doi: 10.7717/peerj.4863. eCollection 2018.
Oribatid mites are abundant and diverse decomposers in almost all terrestrial microhabitats, especially in temperate forests. Although their functional importance in the decomposition system in these forests has been investigated, spatio-temporal patterns of oribatid mite communities inhabiting different microhabitats have largely been neglected. Therefore, we (i) investigated seasonal fluctuation (monthly over one year) in oribatid-mite community structure and specificity to three microhabitats (moss, dead wood and litter) and (ii) analyzed the influence of air temperature and overall air humidity on seasonal community changes. In total, 57,398 adult oribatid mite individuals were collected. Total abundance, species richness and diversity differed among microhabitats. Seasonal changes were most pronounced in moss and least in litter. While overall air humidity had no influence on species distribution and community changes, air temperature positively influenced species richness and diversity, again most pronounced in moss. The calculated environmental temperature occurrence niche showed that 35% of adult oribatid mite species occurred at higher air temperatures. Furthermore, interaction/bipartite networks were more generalized-i.e., species were more equally distributed among moss, dead wood and litter-when ambient air temperatures were higher. This pattern is probably due to the dispersal ability of adult oribatid mites, i.e., species enter a dispersal mode only at higher air temperatures.
甲螨是几乎所有陆地微生境中数量众多且种类多样的分解者，尤其是在温带森林中。尽管它们在这些森林分解系统中的功能重要性已得到研究，但栖息于不同微生境的甲螨群落的时空模式在很大程度上被忽视了。因此，我们（i）调查了甲螨群落结构的季节性波动（一年中每月进行调查）以及对三种微生境（苔藓、枯木和落叶层）的特异性，并且（ii）分析了气温和总体空气湿度对季节性群落变化的影响。总共收集了57398只成年甲螨个体。微生境之间的总丰度、物种丰富度和多样性存在差异。季节性变化在苔藓中最为明显，在落叶层中最不明显。虽然总体空气湿度对物种分布和群落变化没有影响，但气温对物种丰富度和多样性有正向影响，在苔藓中这种影响再次最为明显。计算得出的环境温度出现生态位表明，35%的成年甲螨物种出现在较高气温下。此外，当环境气温较高时，相互作用/二分网络更为普遍，即物种在苔藓、枯木和落叶层之间分布更为均匀。这种模式可能归因于成年甲螨的扩散能力，即物种仅在较高气温下进入扩散模式。
