Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 19/31 Chodakowska, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland.
J Affect Disord. 2018 Oct 1;238:233-243. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.05.036. Epub 2018 May 30.
The Social Anxiety Questionnaire (SAQ) was designed to assess five dimensions of social anxiety as posited by the Clark and Wells' (1995; Clark, 2001) cognitive model.
The development of the SAQ involved generation of an item pool, followed by a verification of content validity and the theorized factor structure (Study 1). The final version of the SAQ was then assessed for reliability, temporal stability (test re-test reliability), and construct, criterion-related, and contrasted-group validity (Study 2, 3, and 4).
Following a systematic process, the results provide support for the SAQ as reliable, and both theoretically and empirically valid measure. A five-factor structure of the SAQ verified and replicated through confirmatory factor analyses reflect five dimensions of social anxiety: negative self-processing; self-focused attention and self-monitoring; safety behaviours; somatic and cognitive symptoms; and anticipatory and post-event rumination.
Results suggest that the SAQ possesses good psychometric properties, while recognizing that additional validation is a required future research direction. It is important to replicate these findings in diverse populations, including a large clinical sample.
The SAQ is a promising measure that supports social anxiety as a multidimensional construct, and the foundational role of self-focused cognitive processes in generation and maintenance of social anxiety symptoms. The findings make a significant contribution to the literature, moreover, the SAQ is a first instrument that offers to assess all, proposed by the Clark-Wells model, specific cognitive-affective, physiological, attitudinal, and attention processes related to social anxiety.
社交焦虑问卷 (SAQ) 旨在评估 Clark 和 Wells（1995；Clark，2001）认知模型提出的社交焦虑的五个维度。
SAQ 的开发涉及生成一个项目池，然后验证内容效度和理论假设的因素结构（研究 1）。然后，对 SAQ 的最终版本进行可靠性、时间稳定性（测试重测可靠性）以及构念、效标关联和对比组有效性评估（研究 2、3 和 4）。
通过系统的过程，结果支持 SAQ 作为可靠且具有理论和经验有效性的测量工具。通过验证性因素分析验证和复制的 SAQ 的五因素结构反映了社交焦虑的五个维度：消极的自我处理；自我关注和自我监控；安全行为；躯体和认知症状；以及预期和事件后反刍。
结果表明，SAQ 具有良好的心理测量特性，同时认识到需要进一步验证是未来的研究方向。在不同人群中复制这些发现很重要，包括大型临床样本。
SAQ 是一种有前途的测量工具，支持社交焦虑作为一个多维结构，以及自我关注的认知过程在社交焦虑症状的产生和维持中的基础作用。此外，SAQ 是第一个提供评估 Clark-Wells 模型提出的所有与社交焦虑相关的特定认知情感、生理、态度和注意力过程的工具。
