Lu Zhilong, Lu Qi, Chen Ying, Wu Renzhi, Huang Jun, Chen Xiaoling, Chen Dong, Huang Ribo
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China.
College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, Guangxi, China.
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2018 May 25;34(5):653-663. doi: 10.13345/j.cjb.170395.
Spt proteins are defined as a large family of transcription regulators of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. They are crucial components of the SAGA complex that regulates transcription through interaction with the TATA box in the upstream region of the target genes. About 10% of total gene transcriptions are related to Spt proteins and these genes are highly related to environmental stress response. Such vast regulation network and complex mechanisms have become a hotspot. Spt proteins are also important to suppress transposon-induced mutations, being a switch on regulation of transposon behaviors and adaptive evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Besides that, some Spt proteins are directly involved in regulating unsaturated lipid acids synthesis, which could remold the cell membrane to resist environmental stresses. Here, we review Spt proteins, the advances in Spt proteins study, and their potential applications in improving yeast's stress resistance through transcription regulation, transposon activity regulation and cell membrane alternation.
Spt蛋白被定义为酿酒酵母的一大类转录调节因子。它们是SAGA复合体的关键组成部分，通过与靶基因上游区域的TATA盒相互作用来调节转录。约10%的基因转录与Spt蛋白有关，这些基因与环境应激反应高度相关。如此庞大的调控网络和复杂的机制已成为一个研究热点。Spt蛋白对于抑制转座子诱导的突变也很重要，是酿酒酵母转座子行为调控和适应性进化的一个开关。除此之外，一些Spt蛋白直接参与调节不饱和脂肪酸的合成，这可以重塑细胞膜以抵抗环境压力。在此，我们综述Spt蛋白、Spt蛋白研究的进展以及它们在通过转录调控、转座子活性调控和细胞膜改变来提高酵母抗逆性方面的潜在应用。
