Department of CLINTEC, Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Audiology and Neurotology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Disabil Rehabil. 2019 Nov;41(23):2766-2774. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1477208. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
The purpose of this study was to identify and report demographic data of patients with severe-to-profound hearing loss, assess participation in audiological rehabilitation and analyze the benefits of various rehabilitation methods. Data on 4286 patients with severe-to-profound hearing impairments registered in the Swedish Quality Register of Otorhinolaryngology over a period from 2006-2015 were studied. Demographic data, gender differences, audiological rehabilitation and benefits of the rehabilitation were analyzed. Group rehabilitation and visits to a hearing rehabilitation educator provided the most benefits in audiological rehabilitation. Only 40.5% of the patients received extended audiological rehabilitation, of which 54.5% were women. A total of 9.5% of patients participated in group rehabilitation, with 59.5% being women. Women also visited technicians, welfare officers, hearing rehabilitation educators, psychologists and physicians and received communication rehabilitation in a group and fit with cochlea implants significantly more often than did men. The study emphasizes the importance of being given the opportunity to participate in group rehabilitation and meet a hearing rehabilitation educator to experience the benefits of hearing rehabilitation. There is a need to offer extended audiological rehabilitation, especially in terms of gender differences, to provide the same impact for women and men.Implications for RehabilitationSignificantly more women than men with severe-to-profound hearing impairment receive audiological rehabilitation.Hearing impairment appears to have a significantly more negative impact on women's quality of life than men's.It is important to offer extended audiological rehabilitation to all patients with severe-to-profound hearing loss to obtain an equal hearing health care regardless of gender.
本研究的目的是确定并报告重度至极重度听力损失患者的人口统计学数据，评估他们参与听力学康复的情况，并分析各种康复方法的效果。研究分析了 2006 年至 2015 年期间在瑞典耳鼻喉科质量登记处登记的 4286 名重度至极重度听力障碍患者的数据。对人口统计学数据、性别差异、听力学康复以及康复效果进行了分析。群体康复和听力学康复教育者的访视为听力学康复带来了最大的效果。仅有 40.5%的患者接受了扩展的听力学康复，其中 54.5%为女性。共有 9.5%的患者参加了群体康复，其中 59.5%为女性。女性还更多地接触技术员、福利官员、听力学康复教育者、心理学家和医生，并更多地在群体中接受沟通康复以及与人工耳蜗植入相关的康复治疗，而男性则较少。本研究强调了给予患者参与群体康复和与听力学康复教育者会面以体验康复效果的机会的重要性。需要提供扩展的听力学康复，尤其是在性别差异方面，以确保女性和男性获得相同的效果。
与男性相比，患有重度至极重度听力损失的女性接受听力学康复的比例明显更高。
听力障碍对女性生活质量的负面影响明显大于男性。
为所有重度至极重度听力损失患者提供扩展的听力学康复服务，无论性别如何，为他们提供公平的听力保健服务非常重要。
