Marti-Nicolovius M, Arevalo-Garcia R
Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona. Facultad de Psicologia, 08193 Bellaterra, Espana.
Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Espana.
Rev Neurol. 2018 Jun 16;66(12):415-422.
To understand the underlying brain mechanisms involved in the aging process and mental deterioration could be key to the development of behavioral patterns that guarantee reaching advanced ages with the highest possible quality of life and reduce the cognitive loss associated with senescence.
To describe and analyze different animal and human studies that demonstrate that a caloric restriction diet may rescue cerebral aging and the cognitive decline associated to aging.
For more than 100 years it has been known that caloric restriction extends life span in many laboratory animal. This effect seems to derive from the reduction of age-related symptoms, such as obesity, the onset of cancerous tumors and some metabolic diseases. However, while the consequences of caloric restriction on health are well-established, their ability to reverse age-dependent memory deficits remains a controversial issue. The analyses of the effects of caloric restriction on different animals provides progress for the understanding of its beneficial effects on the neurobiology of cognitive processes during aging.
Caloric restriction attenuates the normal or pathological aging of the brain and reduces age-related memory problems. Dietary intervention could become a very effective method to promote a better quality of life and prevent the age-related cognitive deficits.
了解衰老过程和精神衰退背后的大脑机制，可能是形成行为模式的关键，这些行为模式能确保人们以尽可能高的生活质量步入高龄，并减少与衰老相关的认知损失。
描述和分析不同的动物和人体研究，这些研究表明热量限制饮食可能挽救大脑衰老以及与衰老相关的认知衰退。
100多年来，人们已知热量限制能延长许多实验动物的寿命。这种作用似乎源于与年龄相关症状的减轻，如肥胖、癌性肿瘤的发生和一些代谢疾病。然而，虽然热量限制对健康的影响已得到充分证实，但其逆转年龄依赖性记忆缺陷的能力仍是一个有争议的问题。对热量限制对不同动物影响的分析，为理解其对衰老过程中认知过程神经生物学的有益作用提供了进展。
热量限制可减轻大脑的正常或病理性衰老，并减少与年龄相关的记忆问题。饮食干预可能成为促进更好生活质量和预防与年龄相关认知缺陷的非常有效的方法。
