Piccirillo Alessandra, Giacomelli Martina, Niero Giulia, De Luca Carlotta, Carraro Lisa, Ortali Giovanni, Mughini-Gras Lapo
a Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science , University of Padua , Legnaro , Italy.
b Tre Valli Laboratory , San Michele Extra VR , Italy.
Avian Pathol. 2018 Oct;47(5):455-466. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2018.1487529. Epub 2018 Jul 9.
Poultry are the main reservoir for thermophilic Campylobacter spp., which is the most common causative agent of human bacterial gastroenteritis. The epidemiology of Campylobacter in poultry, particularly in turkeys, is not completely understood. This study aimed at identifying potential sources and transmission routes of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in commercial turkey farms. C. jejuni and C. coli isolates from breeders (n = 29, 20 C. jejuni and 9 C. coli) and their progeny (n = 51, 18 C. jejuni and 33 C. coli) reared in two different farms for three sequential production cycles were analysed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Strains (n = 88, 42 C. jejuni and 46 C. coli) isolated from environmental (i.e. anteroom and in-house overshoes), water (i.e. drinkers and water line), and pest (i.e. flies, Alphitobius diaperinus, and mice) sources were also examined. MLST of C. jejuni and C. coli isolates resulted in 13 and 12 different sequence types (STs) belonging to six and one previously-described clonal complexes (CCs), respectively. Three novel STs were identified. Genetic similarities were detected between isolates from fattening turkeys and the considered environmental, water, and pest sources, and with the breeders to a lesser extent. Source attribution analysis estimated that environmental and water sources accounted for most (∼75%) of fattening turkey isolates and were therefore identified as the most likely sources of flock colonization, followed by pests (∼20%) and breeders (∼5%). These sources may thus be targeted by control measures to mitigate the risk of Campylobacter colonization in commercial turkeys. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS High occurrence of C. jejuni and C. coli in commercial turkey flocks. High genetic diversity of C. jejuni and C. coli in commercial turkey flocks. Horizontal transmission responsible for Campylobacter colonization of commercial turkey flocks. Environmental and water sources involved in Campylobacter colonization of commercial turkey flocks. Strategies for prevention and control of Campylobacter colonization of commercial turkey flocks are needed.
家禽是嗜热弯曲杆菌属的主要宿主，该菌是人类细菌性肠胃炎最常见的病原体。弯曲杆菌在家禽尤其是火鸡中的流行病学情况尚未完全明了。本研究旨在确定商业火鸡养殖场中嗜热弯曲杆菌属的潜在来源和传播途径。对来自两个不同养殖场、经历三个连续生产周期饲养的种鸡（n = 29，其中空肠弯曲杆菌20株，结肠弯曲杆菌9株）及其后代（n = 51，其中空肠弯曲杆菌18株，结肠弯曲杆菌33株）分离出的空肠弯曲杆菌和结肠弯曲杆菌菌株进行多位点序列分型（MLST）分析。还检测了从环境（即前厅和室内鞋套）、水（即饮水器和水管线）以及害虫（即苍蝇、黄粉虫和小鼠）来源分离出的菌株（n = 88，其中空肠弯曲杆菌42株，结肠弯曲杆菌46株）。空肠弯曲杆菌和结肠弯曲杆菌菌株的MLST分别产生了13种和12种不同的序列类型（STs），分别属于6个和1个先前描述的克隆复合体（CCs）。鉴定出3种新的STs。在育肥火鸡分离株与所考虑的环境、水和害虫来源之间检测到了遗传相似性，与种鸡的相似性较低。来源归因分析估计，环境和水源占育肥火鸡分离株的大部分（约75%），因此被确定为鸡群定植最可能的来源，其次是害虫（约20%）和种鸡（约5%）。因此，这些来源可能是控制措施的目标，以降低商业火鸡中弯曲杆菌定植的风险。研究亮点商业火鸡群中空肠弯曲杆菌和结肠弯曲杆菌的高发生率。商业火鸡群中空肠弯曲杆菌和结肠弯曲杆菌的高遗传多样性。水平传播导致商业火鸡群中弯曲杆菌的定植。环境和水源参与商业火鸡群中弯曲杆菌的定植。需要预防和控制商业火鸡群中弯曲杆菌定植的策略。
