Thoby-Brisson Muriel
Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, CNRS UMR 5287, Université de Bordeaux , Bordeaux , France.
J Neurophysiol. 2018 Sep 1;120(3):1162-1172. doi: 10.1152/jn.00314.2018. Epub 2018 Jun 13.
The respiratory network of the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), which controls inspiratory behavior, can in normal conditions simultaneously produce two types of inspiration-related rhythmic activities: the eupneic rhythm composed of monophasic, low-amplitude, and relatively high-frequency bursts, interspersed with sigh rhythmic activity, composed of biphasic, high-amplitude, and lower frequency bursts. By combining electrophysiological recordings from transverse brainstem slices with computational modeling, new advances in the mechanisms underlying sigh production have been obtained during prenatal development. The present review summarizes recent findings that establish when sigh rhythmogenesis starts to be produced during embryonic development as well as the cellular, membrane, and synaptic properties required for its expression. Together, the results demonstrate that although generated by the same network, the eupnea and sigh rhythms have different developmental onset times and rely on distinct network properties. Because sighs (also known as augmented breaths) are important in maintaining lung function (by reopening collapsed alveoli), gaining insight into their underlying neural mechanisms at early developmental stages is likely to help in the treatment of prematurely born babies often suffering from breathing deficiencies.
前包钦格复合体（preBötC）的呼吸网络控制吸气行为，在正常情况下，它能同时产生两种与吸气相关的节律活动：一种是由单相、低振幅和相对高频的爆发组成的平静呼吸节律，其间穿插着由双相、高振幅和低频爆发组成的叹息节律活动。通过将横断脑干切片的电生理记录与计算模型相结合，在产前发育过程中，关于叹息产生机制的研究取得了新进展。本综述总结了最近的研究发现，这些发现确定了胚胎发育过程中叹息节律产生开始的时间，以及其表达所需的细胞、膜和突触特性。这些结果共同表明，尽管由同一网络产生，但平静呼吸节律和叹息节律具有不同的发育起始时间，并且依赖于不同的网络特性。由于叹息（也称为增强呼吸）对维持肺功能（通过重新打开塌陷的肺泡）很重要，因此深入了解其在早期发育阶段的潜在神经机制可能有助于治疗经常患有呼吸缺陷的早产儿。
