Kasparek Max
Mönchhofstr. 16, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Zookeys. 2018 Jun 5(764):111-144. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.764.24581. eCollection 2018.
(Morawitz, 1872) s. l. has a distribution extending from south-eastern Europe over Anatolia and the Caucasus to Iran and Turkmenistan, and was formerly regarded as a species with high intraspecific variation. By means of an examination of 208 specimens from all parts of the distribution area, covering structural features of the head (mandibles, clypeus), the apical terga and the genitalia, the colouration pattern as well as a morphometric analysis of 26 body measurements with multivariate statistical methods (Principal Component Analysis, Discriminant Analysis), it was possible to assign the material to five species of which two are new to science ( and ). Two taxa which had previously been described as "variations" or subspecies are elevated to species rank: (Mavromoustakis, 1955), and (Friese, 1931), Additionally, some populations can be distinguished by their colouration pattern or by subtle differences in size or body shape, but these features are apparently of no taxonomic significance at the species level. sp. n. and have distribution areas which do not overlap with any of the other members of the species group and can thus be characterised as allospecies. By contrast, the distribution areas of the other three species, , and sp. n., overlap to a certain extent and they co-exist at least to some degree in sympatry. While they have been found in the same region, they have so far never been found together at exactly the same location and it is suggested that species divergence occurred in parallel with ecological differentiation. Niche partitioning such as flower preferences is a mechanism which may be invoked to explain this. Some specimens with intermediate characters were found, particularly in contact zones, and it is thought that some hybridisation may occur. A partly melanistic individual of was found, which is probably the first described melanistic individual in the tribe Anthidiini.
（莫拉维茨，1872）广义上分布于从东南欧经安纳托利亚和高加索地区至伊朗和土库曼斯坦，以前被视为一个种内变异很大的物种。通过对分布区域各地的208个标本进行检查，涵盖头部（上颚、唇基）的结构特征、顶端背板和生殖器、色斑模式以及用多变量统计方法（主成分分析、判别分析）对26项身体测量值进行形态测量分析，有可能将这些材料归为5个物种，其中两个是科学上新发现的（和）。两个以前被描述为“变种”或亚种的分类单元被提升为物种等级：（马夫罗穆斯塔基斯，1955），以及（弗里斯，1931）。此外，一些种群可以通过它们的色斑模式或大小或体型的细微差异来区分，但这些特征在物种水平上显然没有分类学意义。新物种和具有不与该物种组的任何其他成员重叠的分布区域，因此可被表征为异域物种。相比之下，其他三个物种、和新物种的分布区域有一定程度的重叠，并且它们至少在某种程度上在同域共存。虽然它们在同一地区被发现，但到目前为止从未在完全相同的地点一起被发现，有人认为物种分化与生态分化是并行发生的。诸如花朵偏好等生态位划分是一种可能被用来解释这一现象的机制。发现了一些具有中间特征的标本，特别是在接触区，有人认为可能发生了一些杂交。发现了一只部分黑化的个体，这可能是Anthidiini族中第一个被描述的黑化个体。
