Lundgren J D, Shelhamer J H, Kaliner M A
Ann Allergy. 1985 Jul;55(1):5-8, 11.
The role of eicosanoids in the excessive secretion of respiratory mucous glycoproteins (MGP) accompanying immediate hypersensitivity and inflammatory pulmonary states has only been addressed in the last few years. Three lines of evidence suggest that eicosanoids may participate in the physiologic regulation of MGP secretion as well as being capable of stimulating increased MGP production. First, inhibition of eicosanoid generation with corticosteroids or eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) reduces ongoing baseline MGP secretion while selective inhibition of prostaglandin production with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents increases MGP release. Second, arachidonic acid and a variety of eicosanoids stimulate MGP secretion in vitro. In fact, several lipoxygenase pathway metabolites including hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) and leukotrienes (LTC4 and LTD4) significantly increase MGP secretion in nanogram quantities. Third, a variety of pulmonary cells including airway epithelium, endothelial cells, mast cells, alveolar macrophages and neutrophilic leukocytes generate eicosanoids under conditions that would be encountered in clinical states in which mucus secretion occurs. Thus, mucus secretion during both normal and stimulated states would be influenced by eicosanoids. It seems likely that this eicosanoid-mucus secretion relationship is very important in all forms of asthma, but most particularly in aspirin-related asthma.
类二十烷酸在伴随速发型超敏反应和炎症性肺部疾病时呼吸道黏液糖蛋白（MGP）过度分泌中所起的作用，仅在过去几年中才得到研究。三条证据表明，类二十烷酸可能参与MGP分泌的生理调节，并且能够刺激MGP产生增加。第一，用皮质类固醇或二十碳四烯炔酸（ETYA）抑制类二十烷酸生成可降低持续的基础MGP分泌，而用非甾体抗炎药选择性抑制前列腺素生成则会增加MGP释放。第二，花生四烯酸和多种类二十烷酸在体外刺激MGP分泌。事实上，几种脂氧合酶途径代谢产物，包括羟基二十碳四烯酸（HETEs）和白三烯（LTC4和LTD4），以纳克量显著增加MGP分泌。第三，包括气道上皮细胞、内皮细胞、肥大细胞、肺泡巨噬细胞和嗜中性白细胞在内的多种肺细胞，在发生黏液分泌的临床状态下会产生类二十烷酸。因此，正常状态和刺激状态下的黏液分泌都会受到类二十烷酸的影响。这种类二十烷酸与黏液分泌的关系在所有形式的哮喘中似乎都非常重要，尤其是在阿司匹林相关性哮喘中。
