Cariou G, Conort P
Ann Urol (Paris). 1985;19(2):79-82.
After describing the autonomic nervous system of the lower urinary tract and its neurotransmitters, the authors discuss the recent discovery of new endomorphine group mediators--the enkephalins. There exist enkephalin immunoreactive nerve fibers in the smooth muscles of the bladder and the prostate. This neuromediator is synthetized in the spinal cord in the body of the preganglionic neuron and is carried by the axon flow towards the intramural parasympathetic ganglions of the bladder. The physiological effects of enkephalins are similar to those of morphinics and are antagonized by naloxone. Enkephalins inhibit spontaneous or provoked contractions of the bladder by inhibiting action on the parasympathetic neurons. This property of relaxing the muscles of the bladder, in both volume and pressure, may open up new vistas for uropharmacological research.
在描述了下尿路的自主神经系统及其神经递质之后，作者们讨论了新的内吗啡肽类介质——脑啡肽的最新发现。在膀胱和前列腺的平滑肌中存在脑啡肽免疫反应性神经纤维。这种神经介质在前神经节神经元胞体的脊髓中合成，并通过轴浆流输送至膀胱壁内的副交感神经节。脑啡肽的生理作用与吗啡类相似，并可被纳洛酮拮抗。脑啡肽通过抑制对副交感神经元的作用来抑制膀胱的自发或诱发收缩。这种在容量和压力方面使膀胱肌肉松弛的特性可能为泌尿药理学研究开辟新的前景。
