Department of Oral Pathology, Xiangya Stomalogical Hospital, Central South University, 410078, Chansha, Hunan, China.
Int J Biol Sci. 2018 Apr 26;14(6):616-621. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.24329. eCollection 2018.
Tumor is the most public health problem. The Wnt signal pathway extensively participates in diverse progresses containing embryonic development, maintenance of homeostasis and tumor pathogenesis. The Wnt signal pathway consists of canonical signal pathway, noncanonical Wnt/PCP pathway and noncanonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway. The deletion of the ligand of Wnts results in cytoplasmic β-catenin phosphorylation, stopping entry of β-catenin to nuclear in canonical Wnt signaling. Instead, binding of Wnts to frizzled (FZ/FZD) as well as LRP5/6 causes activation of Wnt signal pathways. This facilitates entry of β-catenin to nuclear. The Dickkopf proteins (DKKs) have been known as the antagonist of Wnt signal pathway. A number of research of DKK1, 2, 3 have been reported, however, the effect of DKK4 on tumor process is still mysterious. A more distinct comprehension about the effect of DKK4 on tumorigenesis and tumor process will shed light on biomedical research of DKK4 and tumor research. This review summarizes the current knowledge of DKK4 in various kinds of tumors.
肿瘤是最常见的公共卫生问题。Wnt 信号通路广泛参与多种进程，包括胚胎发育、维持内稳态和肿瘤发病机制。Wnt 信号通路包括经典信号通路、非经典 Wnt/PCP 通路和非经典 Wnt/Ca2+通路。Wnts 配体的缺失导致细胞质 β-catenin 磷酸化，阻止经典 Wnt 信号中β-catenin 进入核内。相反，Wnts 与 frizzled（FZ/FZD）以及 LRP5/6 的结合会激活 Wnt 信号通路。这促进了β-catenin 进入核内。Dickkopf 蛋白（DKKs）已被认为是 Wnt 信号通路的拮抗剂。已经报道了许多关于 DKK1、2、3 的研究，然而，DKK4 对肿瘤过程的影响仍然神秘。更深入地了解 DKK4 对肿瘤发生和肿瘤过程的影响将有助于 DKK4 的生物医学研究和肿瘤研究。本文综述了 DKK4 在各种肿瘤中的最新知识。
