Krefeld-Schwalb Antonia
1 Geneva School of Economics and Management, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Exp Psychol. 2018 May;65(3):128-138. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000400.
It is well established in the working memory literature, that performance can be improved by cueing attention toward the position of a to-be-tested item, even after that item's presentation. This retro-cue benefit is often characterized as the joint outcome of two different effects: facilitation of recall and memory strengthening at the cued position. While the latter has been mainly explained by increased context-content binding, competing hypotheses exist to explain the facilitation of recall. The present study focuses on two of these hypotheses: the removal of non-cued information and the protection of cued information against interference. I replicate the retro-cue effect for verbal material and provide strong evidence for its protective effect. However, I did not find support for the removal hypothesis. This lack of support follows from two empirical findings: Retro-cueing does not decrease, rather increases the conditional probability of intrusions, and the retro-cue benefit does not interact with memory load.
在工作记忆文献中已充分证实，即使在要测试的项目呈现之后，通过将注意力引向该项目的位置，表现也可以得到改善。这种逆向线索效应通常被描述为两种不同效应的共同结果：回忆的促进和线索位置的记忆强化。虽然后者主要通过增加情境 - 内容绑定来解释，但也存在相互竞争的假设来解释回忆的促进。本研究聚焦于其中两个假设：非线索信息的去除和线索信息免受干扰的保护。我复制了言语材料的逆向线索效应，并为其保护作用提供了有力证据。然而，我没有找到支持去除假设的证据。这种缺乏支持源于两个实证发现：逆向线索提示不会降低，反而会增加侵入的条件概率，并且逆向线索效应与记忆负荷没有相互作用。
