Klaus Federica, Kaiser Stefan, Kirschner Matthias
1 Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik.
2 Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Département de Santé Mentale et de Psychiatrie, Service de Psychiatrie Adulte.
Ther Umsch. 2018 Jun;75(1):51-56. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930/a000966.
Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia - an Overview Abstract. Negative symptoms in schizophrenia comprise the symptom-dimensions of apathy (avolition, anhedonia and social withdrawal) and reduced expression (alogia and blunted affect). Negative symptoms are of a high relevance for the illness course, since they strongly affect functional outcome and quality of life. A diagnostic differentiation is recommended in primary negative symptoms (regarded as an integral part of schizophrenia) and secondary negative symptoms (regarded as a result of positive symptoms, comorbid depression, effects of antipsychotic medication, substance abuse or social deprivation). The following overview will present the various aspects of negative symptoms, the underlying pathophysiology and describe current diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations based on the concept of primary and secondary negative symptoms.
精神分裂症的阴性症状——综述摘要。精神分裂症的阴性症状包括冷漠的症状维度（意志缺乏、快感缺乏和社交退缩）以及表达减少（言语贫乏和情感迟钝）。阴性症状与疾病进程高度相关，因为它们会严重影响功能结局和生活质量。建议对原发性阴性症状（被视为精神分裂症的一个组成部分）和继发性阴性症状（被视为阳性症状、共病抑郁、抗精神病药物作用、药物滥用或社会剥夺的结果）进行诊断区分。以下综述将介绍阴性症状的各个方面、潜在的病理生理学，并根据原发性和继发性阴性症状的概念描述当前的诊断和治疗建议。
