Parish Abby, Kim Jennifer, Lewallen Kanah May, Miller Sally, Myers Janet, Panepinto Robbie, Maxwell Cathy A
Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Ave. South, Nashville, TN 36240.
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Dr., Nashville, TN 37232.
Geriatr Nurs. 2019 Jan-Feb;40(1):13-24. doi: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2018.05.007. Epub 2018 Jun 14.
A growing body of evidence indicates that biological aging or frailty is a determinant of health-related outcomes, however, frailty is likely poorly understood and under-recognized by the public-at-large. Using Whittemore and Knafl's methodology, we aimed to conduct an integrative review of research on public knowledge and perceptions of aging and frailty, and to create a conceptual model of our findings. Twenty-three studies are presented. The conceptual model suggests that culture, knowledge of aging, and stereotypes influence adults' beliefs and perceptions. Adults determine priorities about aging, and then subconsciously or consciously determine which parts of are controllable. If deemed controllable and important, they may participate in health behaviors to mediate aging. If deemed uncontrollable or less important, adults may aim to control their own peace of mind through acceptance. Scant findings suggest that frailty is a more subjective term in which participants often optimistically do not identify themselves as frail.
越来越多的证据表明，生物衰老或身体虚弱是与健康相关结果的一个决定因素，然而，公众可能对虚弱了解甚少且认识不足。我们采用惠特莫尔和克纳夫的方法，旨在对关于公众对衰老和虚弱的认识及看法的研究进行综合综述，并创建一个关于我们研究结果的概念模型。本文呈现了23项研究。该概念模型表明，文化、衰老知识和刻板印象会影响成年人的信念和认知。成年人确定关于衰老的优先事项，然后下意识地或有意识地确定哪些方面是可控的。如果认为是可控且重要的，他们可能会参与健康行为来调节衰老。如果认为是不可控或不太重要的，成年人可能会通过接受来控制自己的内心平静。极少的研究结果表明，虚弱是一个更主观的术语，参与者通常乐观地不认为自己虚弱。
